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[–] 131 points 6 months ago (12 children)

Sharks are older than trees

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  • [–] 133 points 6 months ago (3 children)

    Sharks are older than fire.

    Sharks existed before there was enough O2 in the atmosphere to sustain a fire.

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  • [+] -15 points 6 months ago (6 children)

    Also trees existed before bacteria did. So when a tree died it just fell over and sat there for a while. Never decomposing

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  • [+] 83 points 6 months ago (3 children)
  • [–] 31 points 6 months ago

    The earliest trees evolved around 400 million years ago.

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    The ancestors of bacteria were unicellular microorganisms that were the first forms of life to appear on Earth, about 4 billion years ago.[23] For about 3 billion years, most organisms were microscopic, and bacteria and archaea were the dominant forms of life.

    Source

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  • [–] 9 points 6 months ago*

    that isnt true, there was no decomposing fungi, bacteria that evolved yet at the time of the carbiniferous peroid, and those "tree" were actually gigantic gametophytes(posessing half the chromosomes) of early bryophytes. the actual first tree dint evolve til after that peroid.

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  • [–] 128 points 6 months ago (24 children)

    All the planets in the solar system can fit between the earth and the moon

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  • [–] 59 points 6 months ago (8 children)

    Australia is wider than the moon. If earth had the size of a football (soccer), the moon would be about 7m away. If the sun had a diameter of 1m, Neptune would be 5.6km away. In that scale model, the next star would be placed in the outer planets. Space is insanely big.

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  • [–] 10 points 6 months ago* (last edited 6 months ago)

    I’m confused what you mean by wider. As far as I can tell Australia is about 4000km wide and the moon’s circumference is about 11000km

    EDIT: it’s late and I am dumb, I take it you mean the moon’s diameter! 3474km

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  • [–] 0 points 6 months ago (6 children)
  • [–] 5 points 6 months ago (5 children)

    I looked up the circumference of a football and it said about 70cm. As the moon is about 10 times the circumference of the earth away, that'd put the moon at 7m away.

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  • [–] 3 points 6 months ago (4 children)
  • [–] 3 points 6 months ago (3 children)

    A 70cm diameter soccer ball (>2 ft across) would be kinda fun. Except headers the CTE would be even worse!

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  • [–] 2 points 6 months ago (2 children)

    All Very true facts. I admit I was and am still taken aback by the measurement and extrapolation of linear distances using... circumference.

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  • [–] 18 points 6 months ago (6 children)

    That's insane when you really think about it.
    I doubt we'll ever leave our system

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  • [–] 28 points 6 months ago (5 children)

    If you count Voyager, we already have.

    Otherwise ... Yea, I'll be surprised if society in general even makes it to 2100 unscathed.

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  • [–] 18 points 6 months ago (3 children)

    Voyager is fantastic, but it’s still way, way closer to the solar system than anything else.

    An excerpt from Wikipedia:

    At this rate, it would need about 17,565 years to travel a single light-year.[78] To compare, Proxima Centauri, the closest star to the Sun, is about 4.2 light-years (2.65×105 AU) distant. If the spacecraft was traveling in the direction of that star, it would take 73,775 years to reach it. Voyager 1 is heading in the direction of the constellation Ophiuchus.

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  • [–] 1 point 6 months ago (5 children)

    Gonna need a fact check on this one.

    Are we counting the gas of Jupiter or just the solid core? Same for the others

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  • [–] 8 points 6 months ago (1 child)

    Actually, Jupiter doesn't have a solid core the way you think! The gases just get so dense at the core that it starts to behave like a solid. You couldn't, like, blow away all the clouds and have some rock to wander around on.

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  • [–] 97 points 6 months ago (1 child)

    Toads swallow food with their eyes. When they snag some food into their mouth they close their eyelids, and their eyes go inside and help push food down the throat before coming back up to the front of the head.

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  • [–] 92 points 6 months ago (23 children)

    Time derivatives!

    • Rate of change in position is called velocity
    • Rate of change in velocity is called acceleration
    • Rate of change in acceleration is called jerk
    • Rate of change in jerk is called snap
    • Rate of change in snap is called crackle
    • Rate of change in crackle is called pop
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  • [–] 17 points 6 months ago (2 children)

    This explains the sounds when I move to get up, these days.

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  • [–] 31 points 6 months ago (10 children)

    And if I recall correctly

    • Rate of change in pop is called lock
    • Rate of change in lock is called drop
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  • [–] 21 points 6 months ago (9 children)

    When the fuck could those possibly be useful? 😆🙃

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  • [–] 11 points 6 months ago (3 children)

    I can't even comprehend what something beyond jerk means in reality or how to even produce it by physical means

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  • [–] 18 points 6 months ago (2 children)

    Well these are higher order derivatives, so they do have physical meaning but the latter ones are increasingly abstract and subtle from our normal earthly perspective.

    If you think of a stable and perfectly circular orbit, that's a steady and constant acceleration. Then if you thrust to make it elliptical, you're changing the acceleration which can be measured as jerk. But then if that thrust itself is variable, you can measure its changes as snap. And then of course the rate of how much you change that is crackle, and so on.

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  • [–] 5 points 6 months ago (6 children)
  • [–] 3 points 6 months ago (5 children)
  • [–] 5 points 6 months ago (3 children)

    None of those, but I think a series of irregular jerks could be considered jitter.

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  • [–] 5 points 6 months ago* (1 child)

    I only know jitter as irregularity in data flow (e.g. network packets).

    Jerk is sometimes called jolt though. Both terms seem fitting to me. Supposedly in roller coaster design, having too much jerk/jolt can be quite unpleasant for riders. Which kind of makes sense, if the acceleration varies too wildly I could see that making me sick.

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  • [–] 3 points 6 months ago

    I only know jitter from electronics as well, but it could be applied in mechanics as well. Iirc, jitter is the irregularities in the intervals in a periodic signal, like data transfer. But jitter will be present in anything with a period, it doesn't have to be digital signal. A jerk is a single action, so there is no period and there can be no jitter. A series of jerks could have a seemingly regular period, but when measured more accurately, the intervals between jerks will have small variances: jitter. Hence why imo a series of irregular jerks could be considered jittery.

    Noone ever uses it that way though and I'm not even sure that I phrased it correctly, but because of the word "jerk" I find it a mildly fun play on words.

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    [–] 66 points 6 months ago (6 children)

    Red grapefruits were originally created by planting yellow grapefruit near a radioactive source with the express purpose of creating mutations in the plant.

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  • [–] 5 points 6 months ago (1 child)

    Radioactivity and chemical mutagens are normal methods of creating new traits in crops. That's how new varieties of fruits, grains etc. are often created. Nobody knows what exactly it does on the genomic level, usually. And then people complain about modifying a specific gene by targetted tools...

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  • [–] 2 points 6 months ago

    Absolutely, there are thousands of cultivars that were created via mutagenesis (and all of them qualify for organic food, because this isn't GMO for some reason)

    But quite few followed the old "chuck some cobalt in a circle of crops and see what happens" method they used for grapefruit.

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  • [–] 46 points 6 months ago* (1 child)

    Something like a fifteenth of all humans who have ever lived are alive today.

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  • [–] 38 points 6 months ago* (3 children)

    There's 10⁹ living cells in a gram of surface soil, and in 20 km depth that reduces to 10⁶ cells per gram, but they're still alive and actively metabolizing down there! eating rock, mmhm tasty rock oh yeah! :p

    they have cell turnover rates of hundreds of years though, so they age very slowly and multiply very slowly due to energy shortage.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Deep_biosphere

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  • [–] 141 points 6 months ago (11 children)

    There are more hydrogen atoms in a single molecule of water than there are stars in the solar system.

    :P

    😆 1
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  • [–] 2 points 6 months ago (2 children)

    I think I read somewhere we nearly were a binary star system with jupiter as the second star, if not for the rest of the gasses formed saturn which also made sure that jupiter moved out.

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  • [+] -18 points 6 months ago (6 children)

    you mean the galaxy, a solar system usually has 1 star.

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  • [–] 78 points 6 months ago (1 child)

    If you took all the DNA from every cell of one person and laid it in a straight line they would die

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  • [–] 27 points 6 months ago (5 children)

    Fundamentally everything and everyone, even nothing, is made of the same fields of invisible...stuff. We can measure them in very accurate detail. We are all connected. We are all ripples and waves in those fields. Everything is. If only you could see the entire spectrum of light, you would see one of those fields.

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