Considering that it's first and foremost an audio format it only makes sense to invest in a mic that produces the clearest sound. If a clip-on mic could achieve that then that's what they'd use. They still use those massive camera rigs that move on wheels to film in studios too, where as one might think that any modern camera on a tripod would do the same thing - it wouldn't.
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Because they sound better.
Basically every podcast on the planet opts for 1 of 2 microphone choices, both of which are industry standard in radio.
They both offer excellent audio quality for ~$500.
When your working in an audio medium, people will notice if your audio quality is sub-par a lot faster than if your video is sub-par in a visual one.
it's pretty difficult to capture human voices accurately while rejecting ambient noise, and a larger diaphragm and its supporting components need larger housing than a mic that isn't as particular.
techzone audio makes their mics by hand and has good informational videos showing the internal components; you can see there's not a ton of empty space inside their mics, and the diameter itself is determined by the internal housing and necessary components.
That used to be true with the tecnological limitations of analogue and early digital systems. Now these functions are processed digitally. You can get excellent microphones that do not need to appear on camera at all.
It's mostly for show and the popularity of the medium has built a market who want to look the part of serious people and wanting to evoke the image of the trusted old timers on the news, for one example, is part of the image.
Hard disagree. There’s a reason pro equipment still exists. Digital noise suppression is still noticeable in comparison to analog. It’s always better to start with a higher quality analog source and do the least amount of digital processing after.
Now, this is with the caveat that someone in an already isolated room with good acoustics can get away with a much cheaper microphone sounding comparable, but give some reflective surfaces in a room and make it non-symmetrical and now the advantage starts to amplify for good source audio.
Source: I’ve done audio production for a few stage plays and produced an album.
audio is usually processed digitally; these XLR mics all filter their input through a preamp, but a digital process won't directly capture audio the same way a physical diaphragm in an XLR mic will, which is what the podcast microphones OP is asking about use.
companies can produce smaller microphones and a lot of people use smaller microphones that capture and process audio differently then XLR mics, but if you're curious about why podcast microphones specifically are physically larger than other mics, it comes down to the function of a microphone diaphragm designed for the human vocal range and its supporting components shown in the video linked above.
It solves a few problems podcasters have,
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ambiant noice; the typical "podcast/radio" microphones are designed to reject pretty much everything besides what is in front of them, and are very good at it (within limits you may not hear the hvac system but you'll hear a door slam). The closer the microphone is the source(person), the less you have to turn up the volume. When you turn up a microphone's volume, it's going to turn up the volume of everything the microphone has captured; background noise, traffic, electrical interfernace, etc. The less you have turn up all the extra crap, the better the sound will be.
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multiple people in close promiximity. People sound different, one person might be soft spoken and the other might be loud. In order to hear the quiet person you need to crank their microphone up. If the two people shared a microphone, you'd have to find a balance between loud enough and too loud; ultimately that would lead to a viewer constantly having to adjust their volume depending on who's speaking or paying an editor to do that.
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if the microphones are farther away, the loud person's voice will get picked up by other people's mic and will cause strange sounding effects from that person getting picked up by multiple microphones.
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consider the primary purpose of a podcast; people talking for a long period of time. Sound quality has to take priority. A news interview gets away with reduced sound quality because it's for a short period of time, often less than a minute. But if they had us listening to that bad audio for an hour, most people would tune out.
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a lot of the problems I mentioned above could be fixed, or at least mitigated, with some audio editing before the episode is published. However, that doesn't help a live podcast. It also takes a long time, a 1 hour podcast with bad audio could take a day to go through it all; you have to reduce the background noice, balance everyone's audio, figure out how to make the softspoken person sound good without altering voice too while removing the background noise that's sometimes just as loud as them. It's even harder if eveyone is using 1 shared microphone, you end having to make edits everytime the speaker changes or accepting an infeiror product to save time. It's a hell of alot easier(and cheaper) to just get sound quality right from the start. With that, you might only have spend a little time to make some minor adjustments.
regarding your point 1: that is actually incorrect, take for example the sm7b (the big black tubular "radio mic" that is quite popular among youtubers) it is has a cardoid characteristic, so it basically picks up basically everything to its left and right as well, which is the same pattern as the "default rock mic", the sm58. the main advantage for those bigger microphones is, that you can make them sound very clear and beautiful with less effort than a smaller (maybe even dynamic) microphone due to its higher sensitivity and more linear frequency response.
It is correct compared to your every day common microphones which are usually omnidirectional.
And it does not pick up "everything" from the right and left: those are a little smaller compared to front.

I am an actual audio engineer...most of their answers are at best an uneducated guess.
Voices that are lower and higher, the listener would have to adjust at home...
Or you know use your gain structure and some gentle compression to normalize the levels.
Most podcasters use a bigger mic because they see others using the Shure Beta or the Elecrivoice RE-20. Any mic would work fine with proper engineering behind it.
A large microphone is the difference between a serious podcaster, and some guy talking.
That was quite amusing 🙂
Studio mics tend to be big, it has its advantages. If your main medium is audio, a huge mic is not a problem.
Podcast is mainly an audio thing with video as an afterthought to reach more platforms.
It isn't limited to podcasts either. A lot of TV/radio simulcasts have the same setup with big mics for the speakers.
I helped a guy set up his shot. He was adamount that his mic be visible in the shot. He just wanted it to look like other youtubers. That's it. It's a norm.
Early on in podcasting/vidcasting, you had two things going on. People coming from a professional media background (Leo Laporte, Adam Curry, etc.) who either had access to the high end broadcast equipment or bought what they knew. And then you had new podcasters who were on a near zero budget. Big mics had a lot more range for the money. It became symbolic even as equipment got smaller and cheaper. It became a sign that you're serious and legitimate.
Podcasts are an audio first format, therefore quality of audio is like the most important thing.
High quality audio recording requires a high quality microphone, and that microphone should be close to the speaker's mouth.
Video quality, and presentability of a podcast's set are necessarily lower priority than the audio clarity and quality.
It's all about appearance. Studio equipment is expensive, so it looks more professional.
Large diaphragm condenser microphones are really good at getting a lot of detail in the sound from everything that happens in the room. They sound really great, more crisp and detailed than dynamic microphones.
However.... Is that really what you want or need to capture people talking? That's rhetorical. It's not.
The best way to record a voice is actually to have a microphone near the mouth to get the closest you can get to the source of the sound. A smaller directional microphone can also be directed straight at the mouth so it doesn't capture all kinds of noise from around the room.
A headset would make the most sense from an audio perspective, but then you look like a call center employee instead of a cOnTent CreatOr.
I assume that larger size could be less sensitive for when the speaker repositions themselves. Imagine sitting still for two hours while talking about topics that steer up some emotions. It's just more natural to move a bit.
(I have no idea, I just assume that bigger microphones help with that)
If you're really moving a lot and don't/can't move the boom with your facehole, I think you'd be better off with a lapel (small clip on) mic. While it's true that you will always be heard, you lose depth in the voice fast if you move away from even the larger mic's. I used a large condenser mic for a while during gaming, but I move and reposition a lot, more then I like to adjust the boom. So now I use an Antlion ModMic that clips on my headphones.
They usually don't have anything interesting or meaningful to say, so they gotta have the big mic to at least give the illusion that they do? If they're boring/insipid/uninspired, at least they have good equipment?
LOL, yesterday I saw one I think it was Piker was being interviewed, and had this gigantic microphone in front of him and ever few seconds adjusting it's position, then you could see a tiny microphone on his shirt the same one the host was using.
I found it hilarious.
I guess in podcast space it looks like the bigger microphone you have the bigger deal you are.
You have nonidea which mic was being used.
It is quite possible that they have done a video before and went straight into a podcast studio
Could also just be a backup mic. It's not uncommon for a mic or pc to fuck up the recording halfway through the recording, so having a backup of any kind, is better than having nothing.
Take look yourself https://youtu.be/X4PS2xMRzFk
He is the only one there with that giant mic and his sound isn't any better than anyone else's sound (and a lot of staff was asking him questions)
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