I'm going to get some sleep, if anyone else is curious about anarchism the AFAQ often has answers for many of your common questions.
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/the-anarchist-faq-editorial-collective-an-anarchist-faq-full
I'm going to get some sleep, if anyone else is curious about anarchism the AFAQ often has answers for many of your common questions.
https://theanarchistlibrary.org/library/the-anarchist-faq-editorial-collective-an-anarchist-faq-full
The part where you either assume people don't have misaligned interests or that they do but they can resolve it in a rational way.
I think a system where everyone has a pretty similar amount of power / influence is way better in dealing with that than systems where individuals are able to hoard power and resources to further their misaligned interests.
As a basic level everyone has the same interests.
Food, community, shelter, utilities (in the modern era)
Genuine question because my understanding of anarchism is cursory, but how does anarchism prevent ‘might makes right’ from being the prevailing ideology? If there is no system of laws, how do we protect against rapists and murderers? Does it require everyone to be armed to the teeth at all times just to protect themselves?
Also, how does anarchism ensure we can regulate food safety and medicine? Is the expectation that everyone produce their own food? How do we protect ourselves against the 1%? They have far more resources than the rest of us, so couldn’t they basically muscle their way to the top and cement themselves there, with no hope of being toppled without some sort of systemic change?
How does anarchism prevent ‘might makes right’ from being the prevailing ideology?
How does the world currently prevent that? It doesn't, the largest states do as they wish to the smaller ones, and internally the states do what they wish to the citizens. Under anarchism you would defend your community and your communities would defend each other. You can see this in action in places like the Chiapas were communities defend themselves from the state and cartels.
If there is no system of laws
Anarchism is not a world devoid of rules, in fact it's all about rules. Except these are rules mutually-agreed upon by members of the community rather than dictated by politicians with no interest in the well-being of the community.
how do we protect against rapists and murderers? Does it require everyone to be armed to the teeth at all times just to protect themselves?
How do you protect against rapists and murderers? How do you today, do you ring the cops and wait 30 minutes? Under anarchism the community would ensure its own defence, you and your neighbours and everyone else would be empowered to protect yourselves, and you would want to because its your community. At present you must wait for the bastards to show up and maybe do something to help, if not make the situation actively worse.
Also, how does anarchism ensure we can regulate food safety and medicine?
Why would you want to produce unsafe foods and medicines, there is no profit motive to cut-corners and you are only hurting yourselves.
Is the expectation that everyone produce their own food?
The expectation is communities would produce resources for themselves, and co-operate with neighbouring communities to share what's needed.
How do we protect ourselves against the 1%? They have far more resources than the rest of us, so couldn’t they basically muscle their way to the top and cement themselves there, with no hope of being toppled without some sort of systemic change?
How do you protect yourselves against the 1% today? You don't.
Under anarchism, you actively fight them.
So by that sentiment the world is as it should exist under anarchism. The strongest groups overpowered the lesser groups amd this is where it sits.
Thats the thing. We walked out of the forest under this "system" and kingships, gangs, fiefdoms, and religious conclaves was all we got out of it. What makes you think, particularly in the current climate, that humanity has changed at all enough to not do the exact same thing again.
No, that’s not anarchism, it’s kleptocracy, by definition.
Anarchism means more rules, more intimate regulation of public works, not less. For power to spread out, you have to work to prevent its concentration, or you are just catalyzing a transitional moment in history.
What makes me think we can overcome the sociopathy is that culture has progressed along with our knowledge of the mind, and that the spirit of liberty never dies. A minority are authoritarian, even if it’s a large minority. We do have to counteract the immense amount of propaganda and ideology, however.
Ok, so how do these "more rules" come into existence without some centralized body?
Who gets to decide that? It might seem romantic to say that "everybody does", but how would that go practically?
Like who, comes up with those? Who will explain those rules to others? And most importantly, who will make sure others follow them properly?
Because if everyone gets to decide that on their own if they want to follow a rule or not, then you might as well have no rules since everyone will just do whatever they want.
Like who, comes up with those? Who will explain those rules to others? And most importantly, who will make sure others follow them properly?
Rules are decided on at community-level. That could mean a village comes together to collectively decide on rules for their community, which the entire village can participate in. Once everyone is happy with the rules, and with the methods of enforcement chosen, the entire village will be familiar with them, and can then explain those rules to others. They may also federate with other villages and agree to follow a larger set of rules or standards.
You can see a form of this style of society in practice in Rojava (there's also this video for an even more in-depth look at how different aspects of Rojava function).
All youre doing is making government community level.
What even is a community, 5 people 10, 20 , 100. What is the maximum, couldnt you just say modern nation states are just "communities" of millions. Who decides when a 'community' is to big amd how it should be divided. What happens when a community gets so big they either have to implememt population controls or take neighboring community lands. What happens when 2 communities living next to each other develop radically different cultural paths that inately conflict with each other.
Weve already been through this. For thousands of years we lived like this and barely survived. The moment 2 or more communities decide to work together and impose their will on the lands around them its over for everyone else, whatever the motivation.
More people working together equals more power its that simple. And as soon as times get rough it becomes obvious to everyone, painfully for some and excitingly for others. Simply put, its not scalable and will collapse as soon as any community get larger and more hungry than the others.
Bear in mind Rojava, which operates at the commune level, has a population of 4.6 million people of different ethnic and religious backgrounds, with no known major internal conflicts.
couldnt you just say modern nation states are just “communities” of millions.
Modern nation states have top-down governments, which allows for corruption which is very difficult to eliminate. The Federated Anarchist model has bottom-up systems of governance, where power is far more distributed and thus far more difficult for any corruption to be wide-reaching, and far easier to eliminate.
Who decides when a ‘community’ is to big amd how it should be divided.
The community itself can decide that. If the constituents feel it's getting too big, they can form a separate community council that still confers and federates with the original community.
What happens when a community gets so big they either have to implememt population controls
They don't need to implement population controls, they just create more councils that all federate with each other.
or take neighboring community lands.
In a society of mutual aid, there is no real incentive to take other land. Any excess food or resources can be freely given to their neighbors who need it, as they can expect the same treatment in return. Mutual aid creates interdependent connections that reinforce good-will and cooperation.
Weve already been through this. For thousands of years we lived like this and barely survived.
None of those societies from thousands of years ago built inter-dependant federations of mutual aid to eliminate resource scarcity, they were top-down monarchies with kings who could arbitrarily declare war over any old thing like ego, resources, maintaining power, etc.
The times horizontally structured societies were tried in recent history, none of them were destroyed by internal conflict, they were always instead targeted and destroyed by external states with centralized exploitative power structures. Only Rojava and the Zapatistas survive, and just like before, Rojava is under extreme threat from Turkey and the new Syrian regime, both of which are centralized state governments who are imposing that force on others without public support from their populace, which is what top-down governments allow.
The moment 2 or more communities decide to work together and impose their will on the lands around them its over for everyone else, whatever the motivation.
There would be very little incentive to do that, but if it did happen, the other communities around them who are under threat of this could band together with all of the other communities they federate with in self-defense, similar to how the northern states banded together against the southern slave owning states in the US Civil war.
Simply put, its not scalable and will collapse as soon as any community get larger and more hungry than the others.
This shows a fundamental lack of knowledge of how Anarchism functions and avoids those issues. You speak very authoritatively on this subject for someone who I can only suspect has done very little research on it.
They don’t need to implement population controls, they just create more councils that all federate with each other.
And who is in those councils? Elected officials?
And when there are too many councils? Do they create a council for councils?
What you are describing is exactly the same as what we currently have. It isn't a top down government. We've had these councils much longer than we have had governments. But those governments have sprung up naturally because of those councils. And the same will happen if we try to go back.
The only difference between what we now have and what you describe is that you only account for a small percentage of the population that currently exists. Try doing the same for our current population.
And who is in those councils? Elected officials?
No, just more citizens of that community. As an example, imagine instead of different districts of a city just electing some non-recallable representative to make decisions for them in a city council, that instead different neighborhoods got together for meetings to collectively debate on what their part of the city needs, and then once that's decided by consensus, they can then elect a recallable delegate (distinct from a representative) to bring exactly those needs to the wider city council of delegates, who then organize solutions to those problems.
There is a fundamental difference between our current systems of centralized representative democracies and bottom-up federated communities of delegates. The latter is far less effected by corruption, and prevents a top-down government that can dictate to the people without their explicit consent.
I think you’re giving Rojava way more credit as an “anarchist society” than it deserves.
First off, it’s not actually stateless. Rojava has an administration, courts, taxes, and a military. The Syrian Democratic Forces are literally the armed force that controls the territory. That’s basically a monopoly of violence, which is one of the defining traits of a state. It’s decentralized compared to most countries, sure, but it’s still governance.
Second, its survival hasn’t exactly been a pure test of anarchism. It survived largely because it was backed by the US coalition during the fight against Islamic State. Without that support it probably would’ve been crushed years ago by Turkey, ISIS, or the Syrian government. So it’s hard to claim it proves anarchism works when its security depended on external state militaries.
On the corruption point, decentralization doesn’t magically eliminate corruption. It just spreads it out. Instead of one big corrupt structure you get a bunch of smaller ones. Historically that often turns into local strongmen, militias, or patronage networks. Distributed power doesn’t automatically equal clean governance.
The bigger issue though is coordination. Splitting communities whenever they get big sounds nice, but modern societies require huge coordination systems: infrastructure, power grids, supply chains, water systems, environmental regulation, etc. At some point you need mechanisms to coordinate decisions across thousands of groups, and those mechanisms almost always turn hierarchical because hierarchy is efficient for large-scale organization.
And mutual aid doesn’t remove incentives for conflict either. Scarcity still exists. People still compete for water, land, energy, and strategic resources. Cooperation works great inside trusted groups, but once resources get tight the incentives change.
The part that actually reinforces my concern is the “external states destroy them” argument. If decentralized societies consistently lose to centralized ones, that suggests centralized coordination has real advantages in defense and large-scale organization. That’s basically the same evolutionary pressure that produced states in the first place.
At the end of the day I’m not saying decentralized governance can’t work at smaller scales. It clearly can. But once you start federating large numbers of communities together for defense, infrastructure, and dispute resolution, you end up recreating most of the same structures states evolved to solve those problems. You can call them councils or federations instead of ministries, but functionally they’re doing the same job.
You're right that Rojava is not Anarchist, but it was at least inspired by Anarchist theory (Murray Bookchin), and does act as a good example of at least the concept of federations of smaller communities working together, which is why I reference it.
Without that support it probably would’ve been crushed years ago
The US did abandon it years ago, but it was able to successfully hold the land it had, and even spread further on its own despite constant attacks from Turkey. Only very recently due a renewed effort from the new Syrian government (which allied with Western powers) combined with much stronger attacks from Turkey have they lost land.
decentralization doesn’t magically eliminate corruption.
I never claimed it did. But it does make corruption far more difficult take hold, and far more limited in its area of influence. Instead of bribing a handful of the people who hold the keys to power, you'd then have to bribe an entire community to effectively corrupt them. Any individual delegate elected to some position who does become corrupt can be immediately recalled by the community if the corrupt delegate no longer adequately performs the duties assigned by that community.
Historically that often turns into local strongmen, militias, or patronage networks.
This usually occurs due to an initial imbalance of power or control of limited resources that is able to be exploited. If every citizen was militarily capable (such as in Switzerland), and each community and person helped each other with mutual aid, resource scarcity would be so reduced that it would be difficult for a strongman to convince others to join him (what would he realistically be able to offer as reward compelling enough to start shooting their neighbors, when they already have their needs met?), especially if the local populace was not significantly weaker militarily than the strongman and their goons.
Right now under centralized democracies, there often already are unelected militias (police forces) which operate on behalf of strongmen (wealthy elites and their interests, under the supposed control of corrupted politicians who are in the pockets of the elites). The elites pay almost no taxes, while the middle class and poor take up all the slack, which effectively becomes an unfair patronage network.
At some point you need mechanisms to coordinate decisions across thousands of groups
Which was effectively done in Catalonia, with many committees of delegates from various groups, all of which worked together pretty damn well from all accounts. If you want to read how all of that was done and and how well it performed in practice, then I highly recommend reading Sam Dolgoff's The Anarchist Collectives Workers’ Self-Management in the Spanish Revolution, 1936–1939.
And mutual aid doesn’t remove incentives for conflict either. Scarcity still exists. People still compete for water, land, energy, and strategic resources.
The entire point of building a society atop the principles of Mutual Aid and Anarcho-Communist principles is to effectively eliminate the artificial resource scarcity we currently live under. We currently have the technical capability to provide to virtually everyone on the planet enough food, water, and housing right now, even without a star trek replicator, we just don't mostly because of profit incentive, and because a subjugated populace is often more conducive to the interests of the elites.
If decentralized societies consistently lose to centralized ones, that suggests centralized coordination has real advantages in defense and large-scale organization.
Many centralized states also consistently lose to other centralized states. The Axis powers were all centralized, but lost to the allies. They didn't lose because they were centralized, they lost because they couldn't support the logistics required to win due to circumstances unrelated to their form of government. The same was true of the decentralized societies, they didn't lose due to some flaw in their choice of societal structure, they lost because literally every other state in the world saw them as a threat to their hold on power.
The tankies betrayed them and crushed them because they were ultimately seeking to become dictators, not liberators, and thus a genuine anarchist revolution is a threat to their hold on power.
The centralized capitalist countries are just as concerned of their hold on power, and the elites are especially concerned with perpetuating capitalism above all else, so they most certainly aren't going to assist a movement that is explicitly against the interests of the capitalist elite.
Had an Anarchist revolution occurred in the US due to the great depression (instead of FDR putting a cap on it with labor reforms), then the Anarchists in Spain could've had a powerful ally to supply them logistically, and they could've won, similar to how the USSR was able to logistically help tankie revolutions into succeeding.
You can call them councils or federations instead of ministries, but functionally they’re doing the same job.
A bottom-up federation of recallable delegates is fundamentally different in practice to a hierarchical centralized representative democracy.
I think we’re actually circling the same issue but drawing different conclusions from it.
You say Rojava is just an example of federated communities working together, which is fine, but the important part is that it only works because it has state-like structures. It has an administration, courts, and a military command structure. Once you have those, you’re already outside anarchism and into decentralized governance.
That’s kind of the point I’m making. Once enough communities federate together to handle things like defense, infrastructure, logistics, etc., you inevitably recreate the same coordination structures states evolved to solve those problems. They might be called councils instead of ministries, but they’re doing the same job.
The corruption argument also doesn’t really work the way you’re framing it. You say someone would have to bribe an entire community instead of a few officials, but that assumes communities behave as a unified rational actor. In reality local politics can be just as corruptible. Social pressure, patronage, intimidation, and local alliances still exist. Decentralization often just spreads power across many smaller political arenas instead of eliminating corruption entirely.
On the “everyone is armed like Switzerland” point, Switzerland actually works because it’s a highly organized state with centralized institutions and logistics. The militia exists inside a coordinated national structure. Without that coordination, widespread armament alone doesn’t produce stability.
The scarcity point also seems a bit optimistic. Even if we solved basic food and housing, scarcity doesn’t disappear. Water rights, strategic land, energy infrastructure, and transportation networks still create conflicts between groups. Mutual aid works great inside trusted networks, but it doesn’t automatically resolve competing priorities between communities.
And on the “they only lost because outside states crushed them” argument — that actually reinforces the structural issue. If decentralized societies consistently require centralized allies to survive against centralized opponents, that suggests centralized coordination has real advantages in defense and large-scale organization.
I’m not saying decentralized governance can’t work or that councils are a bad idea. Local governance often works better than distant centralized control. I’m just skeptical that a system made entirely of federated local councils can scale indefinitely without recreating the same coordination structures states developed.
So I guess the question I keep coming back to is this:
If two communities strongly disagree over something critical — say water access, land use, or infrastructure — and neither side is willing to back down, who ultimately enforces the final decision?
If decentralized societies consistently require centralized allies to survive against centralized opponents
That's not what I meant.
They don't require centralized allies, nor do they necessarily require strategic allies at all depending on the circumstances.
The point I was making was if the US had undergone a Catalonia style anarchist revolution nationwide in the 1930's, It then would've been able to render aid to Catalonia, which had much less productive capacity pre-revolution, and thus could not out-logistic the 4-on-1 battle they faced. As an aside, an Anarchist US would not be dependent upon outside help to defend itself militarily from Mexico or Canada, had they wished to intervene. Nor would any other nation have been able to interfere due to the logistics of landing an invasion force and holding all that territory, or competing against the industrial capacity of the US.
I was also pointing out that in the specific scenarios where this style of organization was attempted but destroyed, they were destroyed due to their specific circumstances, not due to any aspects of it being decentralized. You appear unfamiliar with the details of both the Spanish Civil War and the Ukrainian Black Army which would make that apparent, otherwise you would not be making such blanket statements.
It would be like if I pointed to Germany losing in WWI or France quickly falling at the start of WWII purely due to both having a centralized governments. That would be an absurd statement because each lost for a multitude of reasons including logistics, war fatigue, tactics, the specific defense treaties they had signed before hand, etc.
Mutual aid works great inside trusted networks
What research are you referencing when making that statement? What is or is not a trusted network?
Even if we solved basic food and housing, scarcity doesn’t disappear. Water rights, strategic land, energy infrastructure, and transportation networks still create conflicts between groups.
If there were large Anarchist territories, the places with abundance could transfer that excess to the places that need it, or people could easily move away from places with scarce resources to places with them, as they would not be land-locked to their particular area due to poverty. A large mutual aid network really does solve the problem of scarcity. If you want to see that depicted in a very realistic and sensible matter, I implore you to read The Dispossessed by Ursula LeGuin.
I’m not saying decentralized governance can’t work or that councils are a bad idea. Local governance often works better than distant centralized control. I’m just skeptical that a system made entirely of federated local councils can scale indefinitely without recreating the same coordination structures states developed.
I don't mean this as an insult or to demean you in any way, but I think that without you personally wanting to do more research into this area to go beyond the surface level idea or theory, you will likely always remain skeptical of it regardless of its efficacy. This is a natural response, as you're already quite familiar with how our current systems operate, and they're quite old, so they seem quite viable just by their very nature of being the current default.
I've proved some research material in my previous comments, and I could provide more if you're interested, but ultimately I don't think any of my arguments will be terribly convincing without the real-world context to back it up, which is out there, but I realistically cannot provide all of that in a comment chain.
Before we keep going, I want to point out something that keeps happening in this thread.
Several times now when a structural problem gets raised, the response shifts away from the actual mechanism and toward theory, examples, or suggestions that I just need to read more. That’s not really answering the question.
For example earlier you argued that anarchist societies fail because centralized states destroy them:
“The times horizontally structured societies were tried… they were always targeted and destroyed by external states with centralized exploitative power structures.”
But when I pointed out that repeated defeat by centralized systems suggests centralized coordination might provide advantages in logistics and defense, the response became:
“They didn't lose due to some flaw in their choice of societal structure, they lost because of their specific circumstances.”
That’s moving the goalposts. Those cases can’t simultaneously be evidence that anarchism works and irrelevant when someone analyzes why they failed.
The same thing happened with scarcity. Earlier the explanation was:
“Mutual aid creates interdependent connections that reinforce good-will and cooperation.”
When I raised resource conflicts, the answer became:
“Places with abundance could transfer that excess to the places that need it.”
But that isn’t actually addressing the issue. That is the logistics problem. Saying resources can be moved doesn’t explain how a system coordinates that movement across large territories without creating large coordination structures.
The Switzerland example also ends up reinforcing the same point. You said:
“If every citizen was militarily capable (such as in Switzerland)… it would be difficult for a strongman to take power.”
But Switzerland’s militia system works inside a highly organized federal state with centralized logistics, infrastructure planning, and national command structures. The armed population doesn’t replace those institutions — it operates alongside them.
And if the argument is that widespread armament prevents power concentration, the United States should be the clearest counterexample. It has one of the most heavily armed civilian populations in the world, yet power has still concentrated in many of the exact ways you claim militias would prevent — corporate capture of politics, entrenched political elites, expanding bureaucracies, and increasing economic centralization.
So the issue clearly isn’t just whether people are armed. It’s how large systems coordinate power.
At this point there’s also the repeated suggestion that I simply need to read more to understand the issue:
“Without you personally wanting to do more research… you will likely always remain skeptical.”
Disagreement isn’t evidence that someone hasn’t read enough. Looking at the same cases — Catalonia, Rojava, the Black Army — and drawing a different conclusion is not ignorance. It’s interpretation.
What I’ve consistently asked about, and what still hasn’t been directly addressed, is the operational mechanism when cooperation fails.
So I’ll ask it again directly:
If two communities strongly disagree about something critical — water rights, land use, energy infrastructure, whatever — and neither side is willing to back down, who actually enforces the resolution?
Because if nobody enforces it, then the stronger group simply imposes its will. And if a federation, council, or militia enforces it, then you’ve created a governing authority performing the same coordination and enforcement roles states historically evolved to perform.
That’s the piece I still haven’t seen a clear explanation for.
If there is a clear answer to that question that doesn’t eventually recreate some kind of durable authority structure performing those roles, I’m genuinely interested in hearing it.
But if the answer just circles back to “the councils,” “the federation,” or “mutual aid,” without explaining how conflicts are actually resolved when communities refuse the outcome, then we’re just going in circles. At that point there isn’t much left to debate here, because the core mechanism that the whole system depends on still hasn’t been explained.
It's just meeting after meeting, allow the way down. DIY governance is a lot of negotiation.
I don't think that's fair, though it is funny. Lumpen feels like a dedicated Anarchism propogandist to me.
(I don't attach any positive or negative connotation to "propogandist" here)
I'm not sure anarchism could work as well on paper as it would in real life. I think close examples are when a country loses it's hierarchical structure and the void is typically filled with extremists or the most violent and well armed individuals who than instate a new hierarchy. The people have a chance to establish an anarchist society, but are never able to or incapable of doing so.
If you look at governing systems like these as organisms. Anarchism is too weak to defend against stronger power struggles and will always be consumed from within and without by a larger status quo, just because human nature is to establish systems and group together. Eventually that grows so much conflicts on ideals on how the opposing systems should operate arise, one sees the other as counter to their ways and conflict eventually ensues.
Even in Anarchism there are different ideals on how it should be achieved. With those nuance differences that would eventually come to some immovable beliefs that would cause larger systems to develop to overpower differences.
A lot of people don't want to govern themselves or be involved in the complexity of making community decisions. They'd rather have someone else do that and eventually that someone else becomes a leader and that path leads to a hierarchy.
I think the age of simplicity that Anarchism brings is left in the past of our evolutionary progress of organized systems. Great idea, but proven it will never hold because it's more of a transitional state that will eventually grow into complexity it's principles can't answer anymore.
I think the age of simplicity that Anarchism brings is left in the past of our evolutionary progress of organized systems. Great idea, but proven it will never hold because it’s more of a transitional state that will eventually grow into complexity it’s principles can’t answer anymore.
Anarchism is the next step in that path. Instead of rigid systems that are immutable, anarchism is a fluidic organisational system that can adapt and respond based on the needs at the time. It's biology vs circuity. One is etched into plastic forever unchanging, the other grows new branches and drops old as needed.
Simply by being here on the Fediverse you are showing a preference for this dynamic interconnected system over a rigid top-down controlled one.
but are never able to or incapable of doing so.
The Zapatistas have been capable for 30 years.
The sudden collapse of a state is not the ideal case for successful anarchist revolution, true. Pre-revolutionary Anarchism is like a fetus or a botfly larva, developing new functions and larger cooperatives over time while living inside a host. Growing more resilient until it is strong enough to survive without the host. If the host dies, wolves come to eat the host and the fetus/larva gets eaten too, but if the anarchist community grows strong enough to burst forth under its own power then it can resist other threats.
At that point they can still get bodied by something stronger or more powerful, but the same goes for every organism. Unfortunately for the past century the US has been going around the world murdering leftist movements like a housecat in a park with native bird species. When US hegemony collapses, the resulting power struggle could serve as a distraction for anarchist movements to burst forth and have no rulers above them, hopefully allowing them to grow strong enough to face whatever the new global power balance becomes.
That takes us outside the realm of anarchist historical examples, though a good analogy would be the anticolonial movements in Africa and south Asia that massively grew in power during WW1 and WW2, resulting in European nations having to decolonize afterward. Still, we can imagine anarchist communities continuing to grow to fill the available space and using their anarchic structures to be more productive and prosperous than capitalism or state communism (there's a lot of research showing that happier, unalienated people doing what they choose to be doing are way more productive than people being ordered to do something until they are exhausted).
Through their prosperity and shared creed, anarchist communities across the world can be in solidarity to defend themselves against whatever passes for a hegemon in the post-US world, as the people of nation-states see their prosperity and pursue anarchic reform or revolution in their own countries. And so the entire world could become anarchist.
Even in Anarchism there are different ideals on how it should be achieved. With those nuance differences that would eventually come to some immovable beliefs that would cause larger systems to develop to overpower differences.
Anarchism grows when people agree to work together towards a common goal. When there is disagreement on how to move forward, people negotiate and hopefully find a way to join forces. Between communities with different methodologies, this is called a federation. If disagreement builds, communities can defederate from one another, and people can switch community if they want. Or disagreement can shrink and communities can intermingle to the point you don't even notice which is which. Lemmy is an anarchic federation of admins (though the admins are unfortunately still the monarch of their servers).
So, given we are here talking on Lemmy across instances, clearly differences of opinion aren't enough to blow up an anarchic federation. Association is voluntary but we all want to communicate despite our differences, and we all want to defeat reddit. An anarchic federation emerging in a multipolar post-US world would have threats aplenty to keep them unified in the short term, and in the long term their growing strength gives them the luxury of defederating over minutiae if they really want to without their societies collapsing.
A lot of people don’t want to govern themselves or be involved in the complexity of making community decisions. They’d rather have someone else do that and eventually that someone else becomes a leader and that path leads to a hierarchy.
I don't want to clean the toilet either, but I'm gonna. Governance is a chore, and you don't get to skip out on your chores because you don't like it. And yes, charismatic leader-types exist, and it's the duty of every anarchist to get those people away from power and to have structures that prevent them from gaining power.
First off, don't accept a single-point-of-contact. Communities should always send at least two people as representatives to be taken seriously. Second, if they keep sending the same person, ask them to switch it up. Redundancy is healthy. Third, check up on them, and if their community is hierarchical, try to help them with that and don't entrust their representatives with important tasks. Thus the hierarchy doesn't spread and can hopefully be dissolved in time.
I think the age of simplicity that Anarchism brings is left in the past of our evolutionary progress of organized systems. Great idea, but proven it will never hold because it’s more of a transitional state that will eventually grow into complexity it’s principles can’t answer anymore.
Anarchism is more complex than hierarchy and more capable of handling complexity than hierarchy. The set of "simple rules" of anarchy are equivalent to hierarchy's one rule of "listen to the boss unless you can become the boss". Hierarchy is like trying to build an organism with only two kinds of base pairs, where anarchy has four. Anarchic structures are more complex, more flexible, more diverse, more capable of adapting to circumstances using the same volume of ideological payload.
Hierarchy has people out here living in western European-style housing in the tropics and impotently complaining about the heat. Hierarchy has people sleepwalking through life, permanently exhausted and unable to place or act on the staggering array of feelings they have because it doesn't serve the interests of those with power over them.
But in anarchy? Those feelings are used. Our social instincts aren't just reactivated, they are placed in a context where they do productive work. And like a human is more capable of throwing a rock at a target than doing the trajectory calculations for a thrown rock, so too are people more competent at local governance than at voting for a representative they've never met. People empathize with migrants face to face but can demonize what they see on TV.
Political issues that have plagued hierarchy for decades become solvable in hours when people are in the same room as those their decisions affect and left to make the choice for themselves. Little gets delegated to broader circles, so that by the time to former nation-state level governance, there is very little for representatives to do. People are just out there handling their own shit. Even globally relevant functions like the linux codebase or unit standardization can be staffed by the willing and adopted by the willing as they currently are, without intervention by a federal circle.
If history proved one thing, it is that we as humanity had never a time when everyone would compromise with each other.
Communism on paper is fucking fire! In reality it is fucked up. And the main reason is us, humans. Doubt that Anarchy would be much different.
Yeah I think this is the core problem that most people discussing anarchism, for and against, miss.
Outsourcing governance to authority is less work, on the surface. Of course, that then creates endless other problems, but the connection of these issues to outsourcing governance is not obvious.
For me it's that anarchists are moral purists which often dont align with a leftist slightly less radical or outside of their worldview, in a society that will likely never accept anarchism.
I believe in leftism now, as opposed to "not voting because voting means you believe in people ruling over you." Which is the summary of many anarchists have told me.
Other than that I dont mind anarchists, but if we want change, participating in current society by voting and organizing now is the only way.
Gonna be honest, you sound more like a liberal, not a leftist. Liberals are not left, no matter how much they like to think they are.
Even communists aren’t electoralists who believe voting will bring about the revolution. And as any leftist would tell you, voting and especially campaigning is a waste of time and energy that could be better spent elsewhere.
If you want to spend 20 minutes in line to “harm minimise” or whatever fantasy you think it achieves go for it, no one is going to care. If you want to promote voting as a solution, that’s where leftists have an issue.
I'm fairly certain the anti-anarchism rhetoric instilled into people is a result of long seated anti-intellectualism propaganda and policies.
Some of the biggest proponents of anarchy I have met were professors.
In our current world, the rich and powerful have a vested interest in keeping the population uninformed. Think of how hard they tried to bury communism and socialism. Anarchy, the idea of self-governing, leaves them with no wealth, no power, and nothing to contribute.
It is exactly this, and the way people argue against anarchism (at least to me) is evidence of that to me. Every time someone comes into an anarchist space to argue why anarchism wont work they almost always admit at some point that they dont know what anarchism is. They admit they have done no research and thus are choosing to argue that anarchism cant work while also admitting they dont know what anarchism is. Its like MAGA arguing why tariffs are actually good (or honestly any subject MAGAs try to argue about) or anti-vaccine/anti-maskers arguing about vaccines and COVID. They come in and repeat the same misinformation like its fact and when you argue with them they have the memory of a goldfish and you just go round and round arguing about the same fucking points.
At the end of it all, if someone isnt willing to go out on their own to learn about a topic and the other side's perspective before arguing about it, they probably arent going to listen to your evidence in the first place. These kinds of arguments are never in good faith and will never be productive.
Part of anarchism that bothers me is that without central authority keeping track of everything my ability to find specific help I need would be solely dependent on whether I or any of my friends know person with that particular set of skills.
What central authority pairs you with finding specific help today? When I need to find someone, I generally search online and connect myself with people I need to.
Internet, of course!
By central authority in this case I mean any list, forum, chat, collection etc. that gathers information like "A person X has competences Y and office in place Z with contact number Q". Whoever manages, control that list becomes effectively able to dictate who and why should be accessible to public.
By saying that you search online you support Google, Bing or any other specific search algorithm as the global central authority
Internet is the definition of a decentralised information sharing system, though. If you don't like your current search engine, you swap to another. If you can't find the information you need on one forum, you go to another. If you have the information more accurate and up to date than the list you find online, you update it (if it's in a wiki format) or contact its author to contribute.
Centralisation of the internet is the direct result of authorities trying to impose their will on people who didn't consent to it.
You can also have wikis or defederated platform, you should know, you're on one...
Nothing in anarchisms stops doctors / patients from creating a website / list where they collect contacts and provide them to their community. Same goes trades, IT specialists etc.
Yes, but wouldn't whoever creates and manages that list became new equivalent of authority? They decide who is worthy to get on the list, and who can access it.
We're on the fediverse, if you don't like one server you go to another. Maybe you moved here from reddit? Systems can be created with anarchism in mind.
If the list is such an important resource that managing would give the person / people too much power, mechanism to mitigate that could be implemented either from the organizational side or from the technical.
Examples for organizational mitigations could be:
Technical mitigations might be:
Also like... why would you do that in a world where nobody else does that? Growing up / living in a society where sharing, solidarity, equal access to ressources etc. are the norm, its hard to imagine this being much of an issue. There wouldnt be a profit motive, being in a position of power would be undesirable and maybe even looked down upon and you could spend your effort for something actually fullfilling. But even if that issue would pop up, a society attuned to a anti authoritarian life style would be easily challenging that situation anyway. When capitalism, the state, and hopefully other systems of power are out of the way, this small problem would probably get dealt with in a single meeting or mediation session. Because its so miniscule in the grand scheme of things.
Anarchism depends on free exchange of information, I'll give a real life example from people without an anarchist ideology to make this more approachable:
I've recently installed an arch-linux based operating system, knowing that there is ArchWiki to depend on if i need guidance on specific issues, that is solely because the arch community tries to be helpful and documents almost every issue or thing one might need help with.
So now I, someone who's new to linux (albeit with existing knowledge in software overall) and arch specifically, does not need to know anyone personally to fix my own issues.
Do note about this example, that this approach is limited by my existing knowledge and also by how accessible the wiki is, BUT, in other, simpler situations I wouldn't be as limited in my scope.
TL;DR: as long as people can exchange information (ideas, recipes, etc) comfortably, we can expect they will, and we can depend on information sources (libraries, platforms, etc.) to hone our skills, fix whatever we need in the moment, or whatever else.
PS. All anarchists advocate for bringing about a reality in which we all have more free time, so that we may reap the fruits of this and many other aspects of life we want to improve, read about other ideas for a more in-depth explanation.
If you're interested in more, read about Tool Libraries, I'd go into more details about all this but this comment is getting long enough :^).
I know what a tool is. And while I admire the ideals of renaissance men trying to become proficient in every possible skill, I would not trust a person who watched few videos and tinkered a bit with every single situation in my life.
I guess anarchism isn't something I would be able to work with.
I admire the ideals of renaissance men trying to become proficient in every possible skill ...
Look, maybe given the situation you would try to become proficient "in every possible skill", most people will just focus on a few key ones, and maybe have a few auxiliary ones.
No one is telling you to put your life in the hand of a hobbyist, but if you had a big wooden table with a broken leg, would you rather buy a new table (seeing as actually finding someone who deals with woodwork in this economy is almost impossible), or go see a friend/neighbor/friend-of-friend who does woodwork as (mostly) a hobby, and trade favors with them in exchange for keeping your old table you are probably sentiment about for longer than expected?
The part where I don't get to make decisions for others.
Not really looking forward to the clash that happens when the 2/3s consensus system of Johnsonville upriver comes into conflict with the majority consensus system of Tablesville downriver over the matter of what level of water treatment is necessary before dumping.
Why would Johnsonville as a group wish to continue poisoning Tablesville's water supply if the Tablesville community makes it clear to them that they are being harmed by Johnsonville's lack of adequate treatment? Johnsonville would likely be receiving mutual aid from Tablesville due to their close proximity, so it'd be really weird of them to willfully screw over their downstream neighbors whom they often exchange help or supplies with?
It would make sense why Johnsonville would want to skimp on water treatment under a capitalist society, as perhaps there are some corporations that don't want to deal with treating their waste water, so they lobby the local government to allow it. Profit motive can often overcome cooperative goodwill and empathy for others.
But in an anarchist society where there is no profit motive? Not saying it'd be impossible (perhaps Johnsonville is weirdly anti-science for some reason and won't listen to reason?), but it'd be a damn sight less likely than the same scenario under Capitalism.
Why would Johnsonville as a group wish to continue poisoning Tablesville’s water supply if the Tablesville community makes it clear to them that they are being harmed by Johnsonville’s lack of adequate treatment?
Easy. They don't believe it. They think Tablesville is exaggerating. They think Tablesville is confusing what is causing the polluted water. They think that pollution isn't that bad. They think that their need to spend more time with their kids in their very short and mortal lives is worth more than Tablesville's need to reside on a very specific piece of land that Johnsonville can't even see the point in inhabiting. They don't care about Tablesville. Take your pick.
Johnsonville would likely be receiving mutual aid from Tablesville due to their close proximity, so it’d be really weird of them to willfully screw over their downstream neighbors whom they often exchange help or supplies with?
That presumes that the level of mutual aid is substantial and bidirectional. If Johnsonville is in a good position and largely helps, rather than is helped, while Tablesville is a barren little scrap of swamp, what need does Johnsonville have of Tablesville's good will?
It would make sense why Johnsonville would want to skimp on water treatment under a capitalist society, as perhaps there are some corporations that don’t want to deal with treating their waste water, so they lobby the local government to allow it. Profit motive can often overcome cooperative goodwill and empathy for others.
Bruh, people will put other lives at risk to end a job - not a capitalist job, but everything from volunteer work to self-improvement - a fucking hour early.
You don't need capitalism to provide a motive for overcoming goodwill and empathy.
But in an anarchist society where there is no profit motive? Not saying it’d be impossible (perhaps Johnsonville is weirdly anti-science for some reason and won’t listen to reason?), but it’d be a damn sight less likely than the same scenario under Capitalism.
You could make that argument, but that presumes that this is a binary choice between anarchism (in this distinctly non-enforcement sense rather than libertarian socialist sense) and anarcho-capitalism, and that's not the case.
A democratic socialist state has the obligation to enforce the laws made by common agreement upon all members of the polity, even those that disagree. Even a libertarian socialist polity has that same obligation, it just has more layers of decentralization which prolongs how long a problem must linger at low-level resolution before the central polity comes in.
Easy. They don’t believe it. They think Tablesville is exaggerating. They think Tablesville is confusing what is causing the polluted water. They think that pollution isn’t that bad.They don’t care about Tablesville. Take your pick.
So that's assuming that Johnsville is naturally deeply uneducated, unwilling to listen to any evidence presented, won't test their own waste treatment output, or are majority sociopathic (lacking empathy for others), or a combination of all the above.
I could see perhaps a very insular and small religious fundamentalist town perhaps being capable of totally ignoring the problem, but any larger settlement tends to attract more education amongst the population. Our current system usually puts the sociopaths in leadership positions which can then override a community's wishes, but under an Anarchist system it would be highly unusual that the majority care so little about others to the point of not wanting to help whatsoever.
They think that their need to spend more time with their kids in their very short and mortal lives is worth more than Tablesville’s need to reside on a very specific piece of land that Johnsonville can’t even see the point in inhabiting.
In an Anarchist society, people would only really need to contribute about 2 to 3 months of work per year to have a functioning society that is able to provide everyone's basic needs for free. That would leave 10 to 9 months out of the year as completely free time for everyone to do with as they please, which would make it even more difficult to justify not spending a little extra time to treat your waste water properly for the sake not actively poisoning others.
If Johnsonville is in a good position and largely helps, rather than is helped, while Tablesville is a barren little scrap of swamp, what need does Johnsonville have of Tablesville’s good will?
If they become so uncooperative and hostile to their neighbors, than they could receive negative perception or treatment from other federating communities near them, which would probably go a long way to encouraging them to just treat their waste water better.
Bruh, people will put other lives at risk to end a job - not a capitalist job, but everything from volunteer work to self-improvement - a fucking hour early.
People are desperate to stop working an hour early because our current society gives them virtually no free time to enjoy life, to rest properly, or to not worry about needing to make ends meat just to survive and not become homeless. Most of their waking hours they are exploited with the majority of their effort going to the benefit of a few undeserving folk.
Would they be so desperate not to help if they were now afforded most of the year to themselves? I think many would find meaning in helping out in some of their spare time, since it is not longer exploitative or coerced.
You don’t need capitalism to provide a motive for overcoming goodwill and empathy.
It's doing the heavily lifting for most of society.
A democratic socialist state has the obligation to enforce the laws made by common agreement upon all members of the polity, even those that disagree.
A society of self governing communes could still federate with each other, and with that federation agree to some standards to become a part of that federation, such as adequate waste water treatment.
So that’s assuming that Johnsville is naturally deeply uneducated, unwilling to listen to any evidence presented, won’t test their own waste treatment output, or are majority sociopathic (lacking empathy for others), or a combination of all the above.
No, man, people are very capable of being blinkered without needing to be uneducated or sociopathic.
I could see perhaps a very insular and small religious fundamentalist town perhaps being capable of totally ignoring the problem, but any larger settlement tends to attract more education amongst the population. Our current system usually puts the sociopaths in leadership positions which can then override a community’s wishes, but under an Anarchist system it would be highly unusual that the majority care so little about others to the point of not wanting to help whatsoever.
... would it? Man, every one of us on here chooses our own comfort and entertainment over the lives of others every day of our lives. What makes you think we'd act differently under an anarchist system?
Have you ever been involved in local government? Genuine question.
In an Anarchist society, people would only really need to contribute about 2 to 3 months of work per year to have a functioning society that is able to provide everyone’s basic needs for free.
That's extremely questionable, especially if you get into issues of distribution/access, that what people regard as basic needs change, etc.
That would leave 10 to 9 months out of the year as completely free time for everyone to do with as they please, which would make it even more difficult to justify not spending a little extra time to treat your waste water properly for the sake not actively poisoning others.
Fuck, people have ample free time now and choose to poison others rather than take on a little extra burden.
If they become so uncooperative and hostile to their neighbors, than they could receive negative perception or treatment from other federating communities near them, which would probably go a long way to encouraging them to just treat their waste water better.
And if it's just towards Tablesville? What incentive does everyone else have to get involved and degrade their own quality of life and their own relationships with people in Johnsonville for the sake of Tablesville? What makes you think that prejudices won't cause people to agree with Johnsonville? People tend to make decisions based on their pre-existing relationships; if Johnsonville is a 'giver' and adamant on this point, the natural tendency will be for many of those Johnsonville 'gives' to to side with them on the issue from an emotional standpoint.
People are desperate to stop working an hour early because our current society gives them virtually no free time to enjoy life, to rest properly, or to not worry about needing to make ends meat just to survive and not become homeless. Most of their waking hours they are exploited with the majority of their effort going to the benefit of a few undeserving folk.
Do you understand just how little it would take to live at a lowered standard of living for most people?
We work ourselves like dogs and normalize it because previous standards aren't good enough. What was idyllic in 90 AD is torture in 1990 AD. And this is good! It encourages society to ever move onward, to not be satisfied with what it has.
... but the reason why people are overworked is not because society 'gives' us too little to not work ourselves to death; it's because people value things other than free time. I grew up in a poor area, in a poor family - "People are hard-put upon" and "People are not working simply to keep themselves full, clothed, and with a roof over their head" are not mutually exclusive.
Would they be so desperate not to help if they were now afforded most of the year to themselves? I think many would find meaning in helping out in some of their spare time, since it is not longer exploitative or coerced.
Many find meaning now in helping out in their spare time, yet still will shirk other work - or even cut corners during their volunteer work, as I previously pointed out - to the detriment of others. We are creatures with very limited lifespans, and every hour becomes precious when considered.
A society of self governing communes could still federate with each other, and with that federation agree to some standards to become a part of that federation, such as adequate waste water treatment.
So how does it enforce that?
I think a big issue here is that you're operating under the assumption that humanity as a whole is incredibly selfish, uncaring, and unable to operate cooperatively without a centralized force that is able to adequately threaten people to cooperate against their natural instincts. If that is your base assumption, then you will have to conclude that Anarchism isn't viable because it doesn't have enough threats or sticks to keep people from reverting to some base-level of antagonism, laziness, or self interest.
Where on the other end, due to the evidence I've seen of how humans organized in egalitarian societies as the norm until around 8000 years ago (from compelling evidence put forward in David Graeber's and David Wengrow's The Dawn of Everything), as well as the success of the Anarchist Society in Catalonia during the Spanish Civil war, I believe that humans would demonstrate their true nature is cooperation and egalitarianism if finally provided a society that does not actively incentivize our worst traits like our current one does.
We work ourselves like dogs and normalize it because previous standards aren’t good enough. What was idyllic in 90 AD is torture in 1990 AD. And this is good! It encourages society to ever move onward, to not be satisfied with what it has.
Most people in the US are barely able to afford basic food, housing, and transportation. They are working harder now than they did in the 1970's without any meaningful wage growth since that period, despite their actual productive capacity increasing tremendously since that time.
You really think most would choose to continue struggling with bills, or to be two paychecks away from homelessness vs. a society where all of your basic material concerns are guaranteed as a human right?
And you realize those people can choose to do whatever they want with the those 9 months of free time? They can still choose to become doctors, or engineers, or scientists, or to create the things that give meaning to their lives? They just won't have the threat of homelessness weighing above their heads if they don't instead choose to work for someone else to make them richer.
We are creatures with very limited lifespans, and every hour becomes precious when considered.
All the more reason to question the utility of capitalism, if only a minority are able to achieve the fruits of all the time spent doing things we'd rather not be doing, if every hour is so to be considered.
… but the reason why people are overworked is not because society ‘gives’ us too little to not work ourselves to death; it’s because people value things other than free time.
If you truly believe that, then our entire worldviews are completely incompatible. I don't mean this as an insult, but from my perspective your judgements on why people work so hard are quite detached from reality.
I think a big issue here is that you’re operating under the assumption that humanity as a whole is incredibly selfish, uncaring, and unable to operate cooperatively without a centralized force that is able to adequately threaten people to cooperate against their natural instincts. If that is your base assumption, then you will have to conclude that Anarchism isn’t viable because it doesn’t have enough threats or sticks to keep people from reverting to some base-level of antagonism, laziness, or self interest.
No, man, I'm assuming that humanity as a whole operates as it has since the beginning of recorded history - with limited resources, including limited time, energy, motivation, and perspective. Unless your proposal for anarchism is radically transhumanist, you aren't going to get rid of that issue. This isn't a question about "What if people don't care about each other???"; this entire scenario presumes that the polities in question are functioning along anarchist lines. The question that is being brought here is, "Do you really expect people to value those they don't know over those they personally know and care about, themselves included?"
And if your answer is 'yes', I invite you to talk to some parents sometime.
Where on the other end, due to the evidence I’ve seen of how humans organized in egalitarian societies as the norm until around 8000 years ago (from compelling evidence put forward in David Graeber’s and David Wengrow’s The Dawn of Everything), as well as the success of the Anarchist Society in Catalonia during the Spanish Civil war, I believe that humans would demonstrate their true nature is cooperation and egalitarianism if finally provided a society that does not actively incentivize our worst traits like our current one does.
Other than my own extreme issues with The Dawn of Everything, which would lead to a much broader discussion...
Anarchist Catalonia is a prime example of what I mean in multiple ways.
First off, it was not shy about enforcement. In the least.
Second, it was commonly observed that regionalism of the sort described was a problem that caused severe issues for them.
Third, many of its structures were oriented around war necessity; I don't know if you would find the same willingness of people to submit to seizure and arbitrary justice if literal warfare was not a stone's throw away.
Most people in the US are barely able to afford basic food, housing, and transportation.
... have you ever actually lived in the USA?
They are working harder now than they did in the 1970’s without any meaningful wage growth since that period, despite their actual productive capacity increasing tremendously since that time.
That's true. Wages have been largely stagnant, in terms of buying power and relative income distribution, since the 1970s. But in the 1970s, most people weren't barely able to afford subsistence-level living. In the 1970s, most people struggled because, as in the modern day, they want more. And as I said, they are not incorrect in wanting this, and it is good that they want this, but it is an issue you have to think about when considering a complete reorganization of society.
You really think most would choose to continue struggling with bills, or to be two paychecks away from homelessness vs. a society where all of your basic material concerns are guaranteed as a human right?
That's not even vaguely relevant to the question I proposed. The issue of whether they prefer a socialist system or a capitalist one is not relevant. The issue being disputed is the idea that provision for one's basic needs is enough to stop one from desiring more, with you saying, and I quote:
People are desperate to stop working an hour early because our current society gives them virtually no free time to enjoy life, to rest properly, or to not worry about needing to make ends meat just to survive and not become homeless. Most of their waking hours they are exploited with the majority of their effort going to the benefit of a few undeserving folk.
And you realize those people can choose to do whatever they want with the those 9 months of free time? They can still choose to become doctors, or engineers, or scientists, or to create the things that give meaning to their lives? They just won’t have the threat of homelessness weighing above their heads if they don’t instead choose to work for someone else to make them richer.
A-fucking-gain, I'm not at all disputing whether people prefer a socialist system to a capitalist one, assuming they weren't pig-brained morons. That's not the issue being disputed here. The issue being disputed here is the notion that people will no longer want more, more comfort, more success, more free time as in the core example used that you responded to, in an anarchist system.
All the more reason to question the utility of capitalism, if only a minority are able to achieve the fruits of all the time spent doing things we’d rather not be doing, if every hour is so to be considered.
I'm not a fucking capitalist. I largely tend towards democratic socialism. My issue being raised here is fundamentally one of conflict resolution, not economic orientation.
If you truly believe that, then our entire worldviews are completely incompatible. I don’t mean this as an insult, but from my perspective your judgements on why people work so hard are quite detached from reality.
Man, I've fucking lived on flour and water for days at a time. My area of specialization is an era when people worked more hours for fewer material gains and in much more endangered scenarios.
People work more because they want more, because it's normalized to want more. Housing crisis aside, people by and large spend their money on things that are not strictly needed, but nonetheless, they desire - and should be entitled to. At no point do I dispute they're being exploited - my point is only that it is not their needs being unfulfilled which drive most people; it is a desire for more than their basic needs, which would not go away if they stopped being exploited.
… have you ever actually lived in the USA?
You think most people wouldn't become homeless if they spent less time working?
The issue being disputed is the idea that provision for one’s basic needs is enough to stop one from desiring more
That is not the argument I was making. People can still desire more even under an Anarchist society, the difference is that anything more they want they either have to make themselves, make it collectively under a worker cooperative, or trade with another person with something they acquired by their own means or as the fruit of a cooperative effort.
You can still create computers, build fancy chairs, make a cooperative factory to produce a desired good, etc, but you just wouldn't be able to hang food, housing, and healthcare over somebody else to effectively force them to do that stuff for you. Under an anarchist society, you could only convince someone to work with you on something if they felt it was a democratic endeavor where they had an equal say and an equal reward as you or anyone else who helps you gets.
That ensures that no one can effectively exploit anyone else, or create a power imbalance with a hierarchy. Everyone gets access to the same baseline for a happy life, and 9 months our of the year to do with as they please, whether that be to improve their house, make jewelry, paint, write, or spend time with their friends or family, they can personally decide what they want to spend that time doing, instead of laboring all year for just those basics.
You think most people wouldn’t become homeless if they spent less time working?
I did specify 'housing crisis aside', but yes. 40% of Americans own their own paid off home; most renting households still spend around 33% of income on rent. 67% of income, then, is spent on things other than not becoming homeless - do you want to speculate on what amount of that is actually necessary?
That is not the argument I was making. People can still desire more even under an Anarchist society, the difference is that anything more they want they either have to make themselves, make it collectively under a worker cooperative, or trade with another person with something they acquired by their own means or as the fruit of a cooperative effort.
But I never disputed any of that. The entire point originally raised was that people would still desire to do less work even if they had their needs fulfilled.
That ensures that no one can effectively exploit anyone else, or create a power imbalance with a hierarchy.
How does that follow? Some endeavors are more profitable than others. Hierarchies can be set up even without material differences (which, as we've established, certainly are not eradicated). Exploitation is often predicated not on material differences, but social manipulation, and result in material differences.
The entire point originally raised was that people would still desire to do less work even if they had their needs fulfilled.
Peter Kropotkin provides a good counter-argument to the idea that everyone would skimp out on doing needed work if all their basic needs were met in The Conquest of Bread, under Chapter 12: Objections.
My point is not that needed work would not be done. My point is that people will still desire to do less work, which means your original objection to my scenario, that the workers would not desire that extra hour of free time once they had 'enough' time off, is not realistic.
Perhaps reread Chapter 9 of The Conquest Of Bread.
To reiterate, your argument was that people in an anarchist society will, as a whole, not take on an ounce of extra work even if it means helping not poisoning their neighboring towns.
My argument was that there are social and material benefits to taking on that extra work of cleaning their waste water, and I believe most people would not feel good poisoning their neighbors unless they were extremely uneducated or sociopathic.
You believe that the only solution to that scenario is to have a hierarchical government with a big stick to force that group to clean their waste water.
I believe that most places under an Anarchist society would, on the whole, not need the stick. There may be some infrequent specific scenarios where even under Anarchism, that a settlement acts as you suggest. In those cases, especially if the harm was severe or could not be mitigated, the community(s) effected down river may opt to resort to other means to resolve that conflict, such as social shaming, or potentially even sabotage. Then that population would have to decide between the extra time and work that defense against them would require, or just clean the damn water.
Perhaps reread Chapter 9 of The Conquest Of Bread.
I don't see how it conflicts with what I've been suggesting?
In short, the five or seven hours a day which each will have at his disposal, after having consecrated several hours to the production of necessities, will amply suffice to satisfy all longings for luxury however varied. Thousands of associations would undertake to supply them. What is now the privilege of an insignificant minority would be accessible to all. Luxury, ceasing to be a foolish and ostentatious display of the bourgeois class, would become an artistic pleasure.
Every one would be the happier for it. In collective work, performed with a light heart to attain a desired end, a book, a work of art, or an object of luxury, each will find an incentive, and the necessary relaxation that makes life pleasant.
In working to put an end to the division between master and slave we work for the happiness of both, for the happiness of humanity.
To reiterate, your argument was that people in an anarchist society will, as a whole, not take on an ounce of extra work even if it means helping not poisoning their neighboring towns.
No, my argument is that when an anarchist commune makes an anti-social decision based on very reasonable and universal human desires, you have no means of conflict resolution which can stop any intransigent community from acting selfishly at the expense of other communities without going back to the question of "Enforcement".
My argument was that there are social and material benefits to taking on that extra work of cleaning their waste water, and I believe most people would not feel good poisoning their neighbors unless they were extremely uneducated or sociopathic.
Fuck's sake, most of us poison our neighbors every fucking day we buy something we don't fucking need. You feel good about that? Do you think about it, even?
... my point here isn't to guilt you, fuck's sake, I do it too. My point is that these are not rare problems we are discussing. People are very good at closing their eyes, or focusing on their little corner of the world, or offering innumerable justifications for their own behavior or why the burden should fall on someone else.
You believe that the only solution to that scenario is to have a hierarchical government with a big stick to force that group to clean their waste water.
If a community refuses to stop polluting, your only options are some form of enforcement, or letting it happen. Your only response here is "It wouldn't happen often enough to consider", which is utopian to the point of absurdity.
I believe that most places under an Anarchist society would, on the whole, not need the stick. There may be some infrequent specific scenarios where even under Anarchism, that a settlement acts as you suggest. In those cases, especially if the harm was severe or could not be mitigated, the community(s) effected down river may opt to resort to other means to resolve that conflict, such as social shaming, or potentially even sabotage.
Oh, social shaming has a good record on that, does it?
And sabotage? What happens when someone gets fucking shot for sneaking around in the middle of the night - and don't fucking tell me "All anarchists will be completely calm and extremely disciplined gun owners who would never shoot anyone unless they were 100% sure that their life was immediately at risk :)" What if the sabotage creates much more damage than expected? What if the sabotage itself kills people? What if no one admits to the sabotage? Is the sabotage lawful by the downriver community's decision? What's the next step then?
It's not enough for a society to be able to operate day-to-day. A society must be able to operate in crisis, or it will be replaced by a society which can - no matter how much more ugly it is, day-to-day.
Then that population would have to decide between the extra time and work that defense against them would require, or just clean the damn water.
Considering how people tend to band closer together when they feel under attack by 'outsiders', even to their own material detriment? And especially within an ideology, or rather a very specific interpretation of anarchism, that rejects the notion that outsiders have the right to tell them what to do?
By insisting on no violence, you set the stage for mass violence. Endemic warfare. These are the exact fucking conditions that arise in pre-modern societies; these are the exact fucking conditions which predominant in international affairs.
I don’t see how it conflicts with what I’ve been suggesting?
Even to-day we see men and women denying themselves necessaries to acquire mere trifles, to obtain some particular gratification, or some intellectual or material enjoyment.
After bread has been secured, leisure is the supreme aim.
If a community refuses to stop polluting, your only options are some form of enforcement, or letting it happen. Your only response here is “It wouldn’t happen often enough to consider”, which is utopian to the point of absurdity.
I've responded that it could absolutely happen, I think you're bringing up a real issue that would need to be faced, but my point of view is that it probably wouldn't happen super frequently, which is to say, I don't think Anarchism should be dismissed as a viable way to structure society due to not having specifically a centralized way to wield a big stick against non-cooperative or harmful communities.
I am not a Utopian. Anarchism won't solve all our problems, and conflict will still arise. I just think it's the best option we currently have, and will at least reduce many of the problems we face, hopefully making it easier to tackle the problems that are left and cannot be solved with Anarchism.
you have no means of conflict resolution which can stop any intransigent community from acting selfishly at the expense of other communities without going back to the question of “Enforcement”.
As @Dippy@beehaw.org elsewhere in the comments here, a regulatory body could be created, which the different communities could then join. This doesn't entirely solve the issue if the troublesome community refuses to join or adhere to those regulations, but that body could at least collectively give the troublesome community some consequences for continued pollution.
Oh, social shaming has a good record on that, does it?
It's something they could try, I didn't say it would be super effective. Against the type of populace of Johnsville, it likely wouldn't work.
And sabotage? What happens when someone gets fucking shot for sneaking around in the middle of the night ... Is the sabotage lawful by the downriver community’s decision? What’s the next step then?
If we're assuming that no other community wants to help Tableville, that Johnsville refuses to listen to the regulatory body, that the pollution is severe enough to make Tableville's way of life downstream nonviable, and they refuse to move elsewhere, then yes; Tableville's community may decide to opt for sabotage, which could escalate to armed conflict, such as guerrilla warfare if Tablesville is much smaller.
My point is in response to the idea of Tableville being so against additional work that doesn't benefit them directly, they'll avoid it even if it's obviously hurting people. If it really just comes down to not wanting to take on more work, then it follows they'd want to avoid the extra work of fighting Tableville, especially if Tableville is telling them that they are being left no other choice than violence (to be clear, I don't think Johnsville would actually weigh the potential hours needed to clean the water vs fighting in a meeting, that would be kind've absurd. I mean if they did get to that point, holy shit that place is fucked).
Considering how people tend to band closer together when they feel under attack by ‘outsiders’, even to their own material detriment? And especially within an ideology, or rather a very specific interpretation of anarchism, that rejects the notion that outsiders have the right to tell them what to do?
Would the same not also happen under a centralized government trying to force them to abide by waste water regulations? What if they saw that as an outsider force trying to impose upon them, and thus decided to militarily fight against it? This would put them in a similar situation to Slave owning states before the confederacy formed. If there were other communities who also didn't want to clean their waste water, they could join together and rebel against that centralized authority trying to clean up all the poop water.
If instead the regulating power is an overwhelming force that would result in sure destruction, only then might they simply relent without conflict. Which, I mean yeah that solves Tableville's problem, but under a centralized government we now have to hope that it does not corrupt at some point, which is what Anarchism is trying to avoid, as it assumes all centralized power structures will at some point become corrupt.
Even to-day we see men and women denying themselves necessaries to acquire mere trifles, to obtain some particular gratification, or some intellectual or material enjoyment.
I mentioned before that even struggling people acquire luxuries to make the grind bearable. I didn't say they wouldn't still want luxuries on top of having their basic need met. I agree with Kropotkin's POV.
Do you presume that an anarchist leaning society couldnt have any structures in place to protect the whole? (Such as an environmental protections agency.) Its all a sliding scale, and you dont need to embrace total anarchy in order to avoid the problems associated with authoritarianism.
No, no, not at all, I'm generally quite positive towards libertarian socialism. I love Anarchist Catalonia, the Makhnovists in Ukraine, Rojava. But I do also think it's important to keep a realistic view of what such a society looks like and entails, and such societies inevitably include... well, making decisions for other people. My argument is against a utopian view of anarchy which will be dismissed by most people, even unprejudiced, and result in disillusionment when experiments fail to run as planned.
I mean, fuck, this the classic 'group project' or 'local government' issue dialed up to life-or-death. Getting people on the same page is not always easy, especially when strong personalities - with social connections - are involved.
You could say I'm taking a meme too seriously, and perhaps I am, but there are arguments laid out in this comment section which more clearly and distinctly express the exact sentiment in the meme I'm objecting to.
Maybe instead of making up problems, spend some time thinking or researching how you would try to deal with that issue using anarchist principles. What would you try to do and how would you reasonably rate your chances of success?
Personally I would assume close proximity between those places and lots of back and forth travelling which would result in the residents of both places having a shared interest in maintaining similar levels of access to clean water etc. Simply shwing the visitors from Johnsonsville the problem would be sufficient if they had a pretty similar perspective on water cleanliness. Which is pretty likely considering their close proximity, generally good relationship and them themselves actually having clean water.
I think this is an reasonable assumption and saying otherwise would be pretty much just trying to further think about an unlikely scenario. But I am really interested, what would you do?
Ngl, the bit about making decisions for myself is a part of anarchism I really struggle with. But that is precisely why I'm an anarchist — I understand that I struggle with this because I have been systemically deprived of the opportunity to develop my capacity to make decisions for myself, and I see the continuous practice of anarchism as something that can help me to improve that (as well as supporting others to do the same).
Freedom is haaaaaaaaard. It's probably worth it though. I'll let you know when I'm free.
I wonder how old you are. Gen X was raised, rather uniquely, to make our own decisions. Schools allowed even kindergartners to make simple decisions, and we had to deal with it if we fucked up. Same for being latchkey kids. We were alone after school, had to decide what to do for ourselves and live with the consequences.
Had a stepson in elementary 20 years ago; my own kids are now 11 and 13. Schools are a fucking horror show. Kids don't even get a locker! We had to be responsible for getting books and whatever else was needed between classes. In 2nd grade, once that final bell rang, we were on our own. We could play in the creek, walk, skate or bike home, whatever. Now you're not leaving without a parent the teacher recognizes or on a bus. In high school we could leave campus at lunch, but you better be back on time, no excuses for poor decisions. You could light up with your teacher in the smoke hole. (An example of allowing bad decisions! Lord.)
Kids are no longer taught to think and solve problems. They are taught to pass standardized tests. Teachers are culled if they don't toe the party line, so the best are mostly gone. Neither the kids nor the teachers get to make decisions any longer. It's like the meat grinder from The Wall.
No rose colored glasses here! Teachers could beat the shit out of us. The number of pedophile teachers in my middle school was horrifying once we hit college and looked back. Hell, pedophiles were tolerated as mere weirdos!
But at least we were trained, perhaps inadvertently, to make decisions.
I'm a Millennial, and whilst I can't comment for my entire generation, I can certainly say that I was raised to make my own decisions. I think my sense of overwhelm is likely because of an excess of making decisions for myself — but most of the decisions that I have to hand don't really matter. No matter how hard I work or how wisely I spend my time, I can't work my way out or late stage capitalism.
Freedom to choose your path includes letting a friend, mentor, or math-rock decide for you
The part where we all die, because a foreign army invades us, and no one is doom guy.
Saying this as a green anarcho transhumanist.
Anarchists can organize and fight militarily quite effectively while still maintaining a bottom-up system, as demonstrated by the Anarchist militias of Makhno and Catalonia (and though not Anarchist, Rojava is an example of a decentralized army). The issue all Anarchist attempts have faced militarily is a lack of any allies on the world stage, allowing the authoritarian nations around them to crush them due to lack of supplies (or sudden betrayal of ML 'allies').
For anarchism to happen ideally, I believe everyone in the world has to share the same values and mindset for it to work. That foreign army invades, because they don't share the same peaceful and horizontal societial values as we do. In other words, anarchist values has to be planetary wide.
The best example of planetary wide anarchist community is the Fremen in Dune. They still have local cultural differences between the northerners and southerners but they all get along. But in spite of that condition, there is the problem yet again of foreign armies coming to invade, but from a different planet. This yet again requires the need for scaling anarchism to a universal level to prevent the threat of "outsider" invasion.
I would be an anarchist, but because of said reasons, we still don't have the culture yet of wide scale egalitarianism. Having grown up multicultural, I know many cultures are hierarchical and competitive. Unfortunately, with the current paradigm, the threat of foreign armies invading anarchist societies is real.
Maybe we should invade them first with our ideas and acts of solidarity, so that they have to focus their armed forces on quelling their local unrest.
How do you expect there to be a "we all" to invade without "us all" being able to take on nation-states?
Daily reminder that the Taliban managed to send the US military packing by fighting from a cave with a bunch of scraps. Guerilla is incredibly effective at turning empires into dust if you start the guerilla prepared, which any newly independent anarchist commune would automatically be by virtue of being newly independent.
I'm not sure if I consider "Afghanistan during the Taliban guerilla war" a good example of ideal anarchist living. Nor what came after that for that matter.
No, but they serve to illustrate how a guerilla can defeat the largest state military in the world, which is what the concern was.
If you want to have exact historical examples of something succeeding before supporting it, you're never going to be first at anything. And with capitalism murdering over a hundred million of our grandchildren per year, we don't have the luxury of patience.
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