Potential mechanisms include capping profits of select food supply chain industries to a specific amount. E.g. a progressive tax that reaches 100% above a certain amount. This eliminates the benefits of gouging.
Another potential mechanism is heavy regulation or even nationalization of critical food industries. For example, otherwise healthy food that doesn't meet commercial standards for size, colour etc, can be sold to the government for a minimum viable price, but sent to food banks and soup kictchens. As a consumer paying top dollar you'll want the best looking potato carrot or apple, but for a soup kicthen's free meal, any potato will do. Consider it a buyer of last resort. It doesn't mess with the markets, but it underpins total availability. Yet another is to let food bank volunteers scrape nearly but not yet spoiled food as a means of stocking up. Instead of buying food, food bank dollars can focus on logistics of eliminating our tremendous spoiled food that didn't sell. It currently just goes to waste. The stores benefit because volunteers help trim shelves of food that is almost past due, and food banks and soup kitchens get food for free or at least the cost of getting it and preparing it.
There is also progress being made with apps like TooGoodToGo where food businesses can offer deep discounts on random stuff before things go bad. The programs can be expanded and optimized for greater food equity.
There are lots of opportunities. This is a failure of markets, because there is still, in absolute terms enough food for everyone. Markets only chase profit, so ideally this needs to be a public solution.
No one in this country needs to go hungry.