Yes, obviously AI is emitting way too much. It shouldn't even be producing 0.2% of global emissions, let alone 2%. My main grievance is that no one ever talks about improving industrial and agricultural processes even though they produce around 29% of emissions and 20% of emissions respectively.

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[–] 93 points 7 months ago (16 children)

The kicker is we need agriculture and industry, like it or not. Whereas no one apart from some billionaires and tech bros want or even need AI.

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  • [–] 14 points 7 months ago* (last edited 7 months ago) (10 children)

    %80 of agriculture agricultural land is animal feed. Not saying everyone should become vegeterian or vegan but I think the culture that pushes over consumption of animal based products (especially America etc) should be suppressed gradually.

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago (2 children)

    Those percentages don't really add up to 100, though.

    Something like 40% of American corn is used as a feedstock into ethanol fuel production. But that just strips out most of the starches and carbohydrates for fermentation into alcohol. The remaining proteins and fats are used mostly for animal feed. And somewhat surprisingly, the captured CO2 is sold as an industrial CO2 product, such as dry ice. So for that 40% of corn, we could say it's used for ethanol production. Or we could say it's used for animal feed. Or other processes. But it's really all of the above.

    Modern American corn and soybean farming is just basically efficiently producing a bunch of bio feedstock into whatever processes can make use of those products, whether for human food, animal feed, industrial processes, etc.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago* (last edited 7 months ago) (1 child)

    Good point, however how much of feed agriculture does this sort of "feed from secondary products" make? It definitely helps that they produce multiple products from a single type of feed. Would also like to know if a person exchanges a part of their animal product diet with plant, does this actually reduce required farm land (after all then you need to produce more vegetables for the said person).

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago

    According to this analysis (probably a biased/motivated source but not one worth lying about actual output for its members to make economic planning around), each bushel produces 2.9 gallons of ethanol, 14.5 lbs of distillers' grain, and 0.9 lbs of corn oil.

    Distillers grain is a pretty useful animal feed, with about the same amount of calories, and a higher protein content, than regular corn per pound.

    So if a 54 lb bushel of corn that has been used for ethanol production still has about 14-20 lbs of grain equivalent (depending on how important that higher protein content is for the animals being fed), then some percentage of that corn being used for ethanol should still be counted towards animal feed. Depending on how you want to account for the oil, too, there's probably some feed value there, too.

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  • [–] 0 points 7 months ago (6 children)

    extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (5 children)
  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago* (4 children)

    first, this relies on poore nemecek 2018, which used poor methodology, so you shouldn't believe the study you cited.

    but beyond that, much of that farmland is grazing land. that's not 80% of agriculture, it's 80% of agricultural land.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago* (last edited 7 months ago) (3 children)

    Yeah agricultural land was what I tried to convey as well, fixed thanks (not necessarily land that is agriculturable for human edible produce though).

    Here are some other sources:

    %71

    %85

    %85

    %70-75

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (2 children)

    using land to make food is good, actually.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago* (last edited 7 months ago) (1 child)

    Potentially yes but I think if it is always the same type then it deprived the land of certain types of nutrients. You need to rotate the crops.

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  • [–] 18 points 7 months ago (2 children)

    I mean sure. But we don't really need to torture animals, which is the big part of the emissions. We just like it a lot.

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  • [–] 2 points 7 months ago (1 child)

    The problem is, the models are really good at some things. We've been using these things since before chat gpt hit the market. It's identified tumors, cured a dog of cancer evidently, and with adversarial training beat the AI that beat the chess master in a matter of hours.

    This is one of those disruptive technologies that isn't going back in the bottle. We're stuck with this crap.

    (Note: I was convinced the dog cancer vaccine thing was bullshit but there's quite a bit of actual data, a fucking tech bro actually did it.)

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  • [–] 37 points 7 months ago (6 children)

    Emissions from AI datacenters offend because of just how unnecessary they are.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (4 children)

    Just like the meat industry and large parts of commercial flight.

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  • [–] 0 points 7 months ago (3 children)

    Just like the meat industry

    So you're saying that the thing humans have been doing since we learned to sharpen a stick, literally thousands of years... Is unnecessary?

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago

    Today, yes. And especially the shape of it. Just like with LLM the problem would be a lot smaller if it was done in moderation, withethical practices and the lives and well-being of those involved in mind. 

    Both meat and LLMs have use cases, and both needs to tone down on the shitty practices and world destroying emissions.

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  • [–] 18 points 7 months ago* (14 children)

    I eat food, and the food I eat doesn't just walk to my place.

    So... sure I'd rather have a lot less energy spent on agriculture and industry but if there is one place where I feel energy use is legitimate, it's feeding us.

    Meanwhile I do NOT want better tools for scammers, spammers and fake experts.

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  • [–] 2 points 7 months ago (11 children)

    Also, the food I eat was already in the carbon cycle. The food (energy) datacenters eat is mostly sequestered carbon, not all emissions are the same. Hell, if we want to get into it fucking water vapor is a greenhouse gas.

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  • [–] 4 points 7 months ago (10 children)

    A lot of the emissions from food are not things that are already in the carbon cycle.

    • Deforestation to turn forest into farmland.

    • Fossil fuels for equipment and to manufacture fertiliser.

    • Methane from animals is significantly more potent than if that same carbon was released as CO2.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (9 children)

    This is why I say emissions are not a cover-all and I'm tired of them being compared equally

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (8 children)

    But all of those are net emissions?

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago* (last edited 7 months ago) (7 children)

    Can I ask how methane is a net emission with water and carbon dioxide? They all affect the planet differently while also being "GHG emissions"

    I'd also like to add after thinking about it how the location of these emissions also matters. Jet planes have a larger impact with their emissions over other travel in part because the higher altitude increases the greenhouse potential of its emissions. So again, if we just count "GHG emissions" as if the tons of GHG emitted is the only factor not the duration the gas exists in the atmosphere, the location of emission, or if it is dumping sequestered carbon.

    Because if we look at how cows produce methane, it's the bacteria in the cow's stomach that produces that methane, bacteria that would produce methane on rotting biomass as well. What's the actual net difference between natural decay and accelerated cow digestion. There's lots of agricultural produce like bananas where a meaningful amount of production goes to waste and decays. Is this waste and the emissions that happen from the waste accounted in the "GHG emissions" of eating bananas?

    This is all before getting into weird GHGs like sulfur hexafluoride as it has a global warming potential 23 thousand times higher than carbon dioxide. So are we counting it by the ton as if it is the same as carbon dioxide by the ton?

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (6 children)

    Anaerobic bacteria produce methane. When oxygen is present, the aerobic pathway outcompetes anaerobic because more energy is available, producing CO2 instead.

    GHG are usually measured in tonnes of CO2 equivalent (GWP) where methane is about 80x as much warming as the same mass of CO2 over a 20 year period, or about 25x as much warming over a 100 year period.

    This is also what's going on in the steady replacement of various refrigerants with lower-GWP alternatives.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago* (5 children)

    How is CO2 equivalent measured based on altitude and since methane will eventually degrade to CO2?

    This seems really problematic for comparing different types of GHG emissions and gauging what type has the most contribution to global warming.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (4 children)

    Lots and lots of math and analysis.

    My understanding is it is fairly well settled on a chemical & lifespan basis. I am not sure of what impact initial altitude has.

    https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_warming_potential

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (3 children)

    The GWP value depends on how the gas concentration decays over time in the atmosphere. This is often not precisely known and hence the values should not be considered exact. For this reason when quoting a GWP it is important to give a reference to the calculation. Commonly, a time scale of 100 years is used by regulators.

    So it's an educated guess that has lots of flaws just like I said. GHG emissions comparisons between output methods is ridiculous. Because again, water is a GHG emission.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (2 children)

    So your alternative is what? Just say a tonne is a tonne?

    It's adequate for the purpose at hand.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (1 child)

    Not group up all emissions and compare them for the sake of clicks. Look at the original post, where agriculture and livestock are being set as significantly worse than AI data center emissions in 2021. These two aren't really to be compared, they're both problems and need solutions but it's not a pie chart, you don't have to pick a slice and not the other.

    It's not adequate, it is a tool for shit clickbait articles, memes, and discourse when the actual problem is GHG production slowed/stopped as efficiently as possible. Banning private jets for instance is fairly easy to do, it has no massive drawbacks other than the rich people being upset. Not building more datacenters for a while, not really difficult, adding infrastructure is the hard part not pausing more. As opposed to this worthless "NOOOO AGRICULTURE IS WORSE THAN AI BECAUSE MY ONE GRAPH WITH MISLEADING DATA"

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago

    Cost-to-benefit analysis, sure. But you still need a realistic comparison of the costs side of the equation to do that.

    People were whining about the energy costs of regular data centers long before AI came along.

    That invites a lot of questions like is it lower carbon to have a zoom call than fly out for a meeting? Do the travel emissions of an imported tomato offset the heating emissions for a local out-of-season hothouse tomato? If I'm going to make one personal sacrifice, is it more effective to give up red meat, bike to work, or make my next holiday less far away?

    Intentionally ignoring evidence is just dumb; decisions made purely on vibes are often going to be wrong.

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  • [–] 15 points 7 months ago

    A lot of it comes down to how much people want the product, combined with how easy it is to get rid of carbon emissions in the process. If people are against AI in the first place, it's easy to get rid of the carbon emissions. Getting rid of the emissions from concrete production is a much more difficult proposition.

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  • [+] 29 points 7 months ago (6 children)
  • [–] 2 points 7 months ago (1 child)

    Sadly, majority of Midwest is corn & it's not even corn to feed us.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago

    yes, corn's biggest uses are feeding live stock and making ethanol, the second use, making ethanol it is quite bad at it compares to sugar cane, afaik for live stock it is very cheap for the ammount of protein it has and can diggested by pretty any livestock

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (1 child)

    Right, but there is the realistic option where we farm more efficiently.

    Because as it is right now, we are farming and we are still starving. Food production is not a problem, In fact we overproduce.

    So let's be more efficient with our food production which will also starve billionaires.

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  • [–] 13 points 7 months ago (6 children)

    Well in the agricultural sense the only thing we can do is to make more people vegetarian (not really happening)/and make more affordable plant based milk. The latter one is actually in here already! I've seen plant based milks not that much more expensive than a cow's milk in Hungary.

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  • [–] 12 points 7 months ago (1 child)

    to make more people vegetarian

    You don't necessarily need people to go full vegetarian. Just eating less meat is a much easier sell. If 2 people eat 1/2 as much meat as they otherwise would, that's just as good as 1 person going full vegetarian.

    The type of meat also matters. Beef is much higher in greenhouse gas emissions than any other type of meat. So if you just switch beef for, say, chicken or pork, you're already doing a lot better.

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago

    You don’t necessarily need people to go full vegetarian

    This is me. I haven't completely cut out meat, but I'm down to eating it maybe once or twice a week. Breakfast is usually peanut butter toast, lunch is usually leftovers, so that leaves dinner planning.

    A lot of this came from a health issue early last year. I shifted my diet significantly and ended up loving some of the veg recipes!

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  • [–] [S] 14 points 7 months ago (3 children)

    While switching to plant based food is an obvious course of action which would have drastic benefits, several other methods exist by which agricultural emissions. These include:

    • Livestock diet changes to reduce methane production
    • More accurate fertilizer application to reduce nitrous oxide production
    • Draining rice paddies to reduce production of methane by anaerobic microbes
    • No till farming to allow more carbon to be stored in the soil
    • Farm equipment electrification
    • Crops bred for higher yield or lower resource usage
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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago (2 children)

    Farm equipment electrification

    Now I'm picturing tractors with the power arms that you see on Vancouver buses. Putting up wires over the fields in the right pattern would be a huge project, though. Oof.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago (1 child)

    still very likely a worthwhile investment. It would also bring cost reductions with a bunch of automations such scaffolding could bring.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago

    Somehow I doubt it. I'd actually expect the capital costs of designing and install the wires to make it unfeasible. Maybe if you had grants for the construction aspect...hmm...

    A more likely path seems like electric tractors, maybe with swappable batteries. Really, though, I think I'd need to hear from actual farmers rather than trying to brainstorm in their behalf.

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  • [–] 7 points 7 months ago

    Once again “general populace” means “people in the United States”.

    The rest of us are still in the Paris agreement, and where I’m at one of the most heated political arguments is about emissions from agriculture.

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  • [–] 13 points 7 months ago (6 children)

    Why do I get a feeling that OP doesn't talk much to farmers?

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  • [–] [S] 1 point 7 months ago (3 children)

    Is your point that it's hopeless to discuss it because farmers are unwilling to adopt new practices or because we've maxed out and no progress is possible, quickly revealed by talking to any farmer? Or is it that you believe me unworthy to talk about it because I am among the urban majority? It's unclear from your line of questioning.

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago (2 children)

    My main point is that shit is happening everyday in that space. Electric tractors are becoming a viable option. New feed to lessen livestock farts are used. Ways to lessen expeditures and/or maximize output without increasing pollution are sought everyday.

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  • [–] [S] 2 points 7 months ago (1 child)

    Yes, I would surely imagine this is the case, and that if I were to talk to farmers I would have a greater understanding of the subject. In essence, this is my point—that there should be more discussion about this to more inform the general public. My lack of understanding of the topic is representative of the broader tends among the average person. Furthermore, I would imagine them to be even less informed than my already uninformed state due to their lack of interest in the subject.

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  • [–] 2 points 7 months ago

    Mainstream Media no longer has the reach that it used to. Nowadays you'll have to find your own spaces to discuss whatever you feel like discussing. If you actually feel like learning more about what's new in the agriculture space, I'm sure there are special interest groups to join locally/regionally where you are. Sadly I don't think you'll be able to get the topic to become a global interest - we all need food and most are willing to sacrifice quite a bit to keep the current level of comfort related to how to acquire said food. For the general populace, how the food got to the store is knowledge they'll have no use for.

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  • [–] 5 points 7 months ago

    All are horrible and a problem but what do we get out of these three? Doesn't take a genius to see something of value in two of them.

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  • [+] 5 points 7 months ago (1 child)
  • [–] 2 points 7 months ago

    also, the co2 equivalent of 1kg of tofu vs 1kg of beef is approx. 16 fold because of ruminants farting methane. BTW, this means that producing 1kg of cheese produces more co2 equivalent than 1kg chicken, eggs or even pork

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago (1 child)

    well established industry itself seeks efficiency. The emissions are generally from energy use, Energy costs money, they try to find more efficient ways. Stable industries will have already done a lot of innovation to improve efficiency and may even have hit diminishing returns to research once their processes are well understood. Pick any industrial process and you'll find loads of papers on efficiency at all steps. But at the end of the day if you need to smelt iron ore into high quality pig iron, you're going to need a lot of heat for a period of time. Best way to reduce industrial GHG emissions is probably to buy less stuff or maybe buy better quality stuff that lasts longer. Not many consumers wan't to do that though.

    Agriculture is weird because we've pushed yields up very high with all the fertilizers and monocultures and so on, but i'd think its similar, diminishing returns - and maybe yields have actually been pushed higher than they should for long run soil health, so you might have a viscious cycle of fertilizer development. You could maybe try to shift people to have less meat and more crops, or maybe stuff like seaweed or algae based food, or try to stop them overeating. I feel like the food industry does get a bit of stick for obesity - not that that seems to do much.

    Problem with AI is the bubble that means the focus of effort is unlikely to be efficiency; so long as investors are dumb, don't know what they're buying and/or speculation oriented then the bang for buck investment (in the short term) is to generate hype. They'd gladly burn energy, to generate more hype to, borrow more, to buy more energy , to generate more hype, to borrow more . . . all the while they're 'crowding out' boring established investments in well understood processes.

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  • [–] [S] 1 point 7 months ago

    I wouldn't say that the emissions are all from energy use. Cement and steel making both directly emit CO2 (From coke or calcium carbonate), which makes up a significant portion of global emissions.

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago* (1 child)

    “General populace”?

    This meme wildly overestimate that the genpop has the faintest clue about the cost of AI. In my very few discussions with people that even bother to bring it up with curiosity absolutely none of them understood how big of a resource hog data centers are. A few might’ve had a clue that AI results can be wrong, but then they went on to basically apologize for AI’s current errors by stating how much good it could do via research while not having any idea what was different between say medical AI and one they use to make their animated memes or converse with.

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  • [–] [S] 1 point 7 months ago*

    What I really meant by "general populace" is the funny people in my phone with strong opinions about everything. For some reason almost everyone IRL cares so little about basically everything, no matter its importance.

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago*

    thank you, finally somebody says it

    the big energy revolution will happen in industry. everything else doesn't matter.

    even the agriculture sector basically doesn't matter since most of the GHG emissions are re-absorbed the next year. literally it's a cycle.

    and the most effective way to do anything is to build solar & wind energy. that really changes the picture. reducing industrial output doesn't work without hurting like 90% of the population either through job loss or material losses.

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  • [–] 4 points 7 months ago

    Turn electricity into wind, solar, and nuclear, and you'll not only shrink electricity's impact to a sliver, but also bite a chunk out of industry due to removing the need for oil, gas, and coal.

    Those two are the biggest global emission contributers.

    Agriculture needs to move away from land use and into significantly more GM and vertical farming, "organic" products be damned.

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  • [–] 2 points 7 months ago

    Looks to me like 1/3 the industrial emissions are fossil fuel production, which are best handled by exactly what we’re already focusing on: renewable energy and EVs.

    Now if we can only encourage everyone to eat less beef, that brings over the agriculture sector

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  • [–] 2 points 7 months ago

    "improving industrial and agricultural processes" sounds like something nuanced and complicated that should be (and probably is) discussed by field (both meanings) experts. Not the general public.

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  • [–] 3 points 7 months ago

    Motherfucker the AI bullshit isn't better than the rest of the emissions; it's actively compounding them in a way we do not fully comprehend, and is absolutely moving the timeline of our extinction up by decades. As a wicked sick bonus, AI is also destroying all the funding systems we would've used to try and fight Climate Change in the private market.

    Fighting AI is not ignoring the rest of the problems; it is fighting to make sure we CAN CONTINUE to try and deal with those problems.

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  • [–] 1 point 7 months ago

    Note that OP is using a bit unrelated title. They're doing it in case you forget to click their image.

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