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[–] 78 points 2 months ago*

i just got back from a week in bali. we rent a mini ev 2 person car to get around and in the span for the whole trip we literally spend $0 because we charge them off the wall plug of the villa we stay at

but if we want to be pedantic the car is Wuling airev and iirc it has 17 kwh of battery. that is quite enough for us for the whole week, we only need to charge it once at 60%. so lets say its around 7 kwh. in Indonesia a kwh cost around $0.1. so for a whole week it only need less than a dollar for 'gas'

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  • [–] 69 points 2 months ago (22 children)

    Is there no simple anymore? Plane A went this far on 5 dollars electricity. Plane B went the same distance on X dollars worth of jet fuel. I want to know the distance travelled and I want to know what "X" is.

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  • [–] 28 points 2 months ago* (last edited 2 months ago) (8 children)

    Well, the data we do have is that the flight was just under 30 minutes and very likely under 100 miles.

    From the Wikipedia on airline fuel efficiency:

    The worst-performing flights are short trips of from 500 to 1500 kilometers because the fuel used for takeoff is relatively large compared to the amount expended in the cruise segment, and because less fuel-efficient regional jets are typically used on shorter flights.

    In the example values table, the most efficient plane for a 560km trip burns 0.92 kg of fuel per km, so doing some rough math and assuming the electric plane travelled 100 miles, that would be roughly 148kg of fuel, or 50 gallons (190L).

    At current jet fuel prices ( $3.76/gallon ) that's about $188 US in jet fuel as a rough estimate. It's unclear if the test flight went up to full altitude or if the plane was at full weight, so a fair comparison might have used even half as much jet fuel.

    Edit: From some of the other comments, it seems like they might have only considered flight time as cruising time, not takeoff and landing, so my numbers will be quite far off if that's the case. My gut feeling is that this is probably the case, because this seems like too big a difference otherwise.

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  • [–] 17 points 2 months ago* (5 children)

    $5 of electricity to lift an airplane 10,000 feet definitely seems low.

    If you want to be really smug, you could say a gas powered plane requires $0 of fuel to glide for 30 minutes

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  • [–] 11 points 2 months ago (3 children)

    Now that you mention it, they specify a maximum total weight of 25,000 lbs, so at 100% efficiency it would take 339MJ of energy to lift the fully loaded plane to 10,000 ft. That can be converted as 94 kWh, and at the current cheapest electricity price in the US of $0.1235/kWh, that's $11.63

    Therefore, it is literally impossible for this plane to reach 10,000 ft for $5 fully loaded.

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  • [–] 6 points 2 months ago (1 child)

    price in the US of $0.1235/kWh, that’s $11.63

    Way cheaper than I'd have guessed.

    737 at max takeoff weight is 175k lbs. So that's around $80 to get airborne. Seems like a steal when you're charging easily triple that for one seat.

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  • [–] 8 points 2 months ago

    To be clear, this is the theoretical minimum amount of energy to lift a mass straight up. I'd be surprised if an airplane moving sideways would hit even 30% efficiency in comparison.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago

    The plane only went 100 AGL. It has a service ceiling of 2,000 feet AGL

    This plane has massive wings, making it incredibly good at gliding (for its massive weight)

    As far as I can tell from public information, they climbed to 1,100 and glided the rest of the time to land

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago

    Jets are less efficient because they're designed to carry large amounts of cargo and/or passengers. This plane was at near max weight, 25,000 pounds, with zero cargo or passengers

    The entire thing had to be stripped down. Single pilot op because they didn't have the capacity for a 2nd seat and pilot

    All this "jet" can do is transport its own batteries short distances, slower than a Cessna 150, and very low altitudes

    27 minutes of slow flight in a 150 at high density altitude, well leaned out, would cost about the same and have the ability to carry a passenger

    This plane is nothing more than a marketing ploy. At least it's quite effective at that

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  • [–] 13 points 2 months ago* (11 children)

    $5 for 30 minutes in the air. pick any speed you want. it doesn't matter. avgas and jet fuel don't compete with $5.

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  • [–] 19 points 2 months ago (8 children)

    I pick 30 minutes at Mach 7, here's your $5 Canadian and please get out of my way, I do intend to board now.

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  • [–] 9 points 2 months ago (6 children)

    I pick 30 minutes at Mach 7

    How long do you want to spend at Mach 7 relative to stopping and starting? Because that could be a lot of G-force.

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  • [–] 13 points 2 months ago (3 children)

    Meh just accelerate with F-force and then switch to G-force when you are up to speed and vice versa when slowing down, problem solved!

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago (1 child)

    $3.60 for mogas at a couple places near me. Very high density altitude, well leaned out, in slow flight, you could get 27 minutes out of a 150 for $5

    These guys are also apparently getting electricity for 2-4 cents per KWh, which is many times cheaper than most would be able to get it

    You'd even have more useful load than this "jet" that can carry no passengers or cargo

    You could also fly a glider. It'd be as useful as this thing

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  • [–] 47 points 2 months ago (9 children)

    Heart Aerospace is claiming that the hybrid-electric ES-30 could reduce airline costs of operating regional aircraft by more than 40 percent.

    How much you want to bet that this 40% savings will never make it to the customers' pockets?

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  • [–] 27 points 2 months ago (4 children)

    Ticket prices will in fact go up because they had to spend money on these new planes.

    How would they ever recoup their cost? Do you even capitalism bro? (/s)

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  • [–] 6 points 2 months ago (3 children)

    For most airlines the biggest cost is fuel, they reliably make the money back on the planes themselves because they run them for 30 years, so it's a long-term investment but it will pay off.

    Over the 30 years this aircraft could theoretically be in operation fuel costs are going to skyrocket. So not only is it saving some money today, it's saving a lot of money tomorrow. We may even get to the point where aviation fuel becomes literally unavailable, an electric aircraft like this is a pretty good insurance policy. But you do have to buy a whole new aircraft, and maybe you've still got 20 years on your current one, so you need to make that money back, and one of the best ways to ensure that you pay off that cost is to have more customers, and the best way to have more customers is to have cheap fairs. You can afford cheap affairs because you'll feel costs a lower.

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago (2 children)

    Airlines almost never own an aircraft. They sell to banks and lease back, so they have smooth annual OPEX costs, not large CAPEX costs every few years.

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  • [–] 3 points 2 months ago (1 child)

    "Every few years?" You mean every 14 years, right? And this article was even nearly 2 years ago, so theyre probably even older now: https://www.independent.co.uk/travel/news-and-advice/aircraft-age-iata-airbus-boeing-b2665192.html

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago

    If there are savings, it would make it in customer's pockets. Aviation is incredibly competitive

    I would, however, bet against them ever achieving that savings. Maybe they can find a battery-electric hybrid configuration that shaves off a percent or two, but I find even that unlikely

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  • [–] 53 points 2 months ago* (last edited 2 months ago) (36 children)

    This seemed intuitively wrong to me (like, way too low a cost), but: 25,000 pounds moving 100 mph is equal to 11,331,007 J of kinetic energy. Since 3.6 million J equals 1 kWh and 1 kWh on average costs $0.17, that means you could accelerate 25,000 pounds to reasonable bare minimum flying speed for about fifty cents (not considering efficiency of the machinery). My mind still can't process this, but math is math.

    On the other hand, looking at it from a potential energy perspective it's a bit more expensive. 25,000 pounds at a cruising altitude of 10,000 ft. (still quite low from an airliner perspective) is about 339 million J, 94 kWh or about $16 -- the cost of lunch at MacDonald's.

    Since a plane requires the most thrust at takeoff, you could use ground-based catapults to get the plane to takeoff speed (or faster even) and then you could carry smaller batteries and propelling machinery. For extra fun, you could have landing planes snag a wire and use their momentum to accelerate a plane taking off.

    To save even more weight, since you're going airport-to-airport you could leave off the landing gear and just have the planes come down on a bouncy trampoline-like surface. If you think that's batshit crazy, the British actually experimented with this idea for their aircraft carriers in the 1950s.

    Edit: to make these numbers more realistic I'm going to assume something like a 737, which can weigh something like 150,000 pounds fully loaded (this includes fuel but you'd need batteries instead for an electric plane). Getting this to a 150 mph takeoff speed would take about 100 million J (getting it then to a cruising speed of 500 mph would be another 233 million J, but that's pretty minor compared to the other costs). Climbing this plane to 30,000 ft would take 6.1 billion J. Resisting a drag force of 5000 pounds (about what a 737 experiences at cruising speed at 30,000 ft) for 500 miles (the distance from Cleveland to New York City) would need 17.6 billion J. Assuming landing is free (fuck TANSTAAFL) that means a typical trip needs 23.8 billion J or 6618 kWh or $1125. Assuming a real-world efficiency of 25% means the actual cost would be $4500 (which is in the ballpark of what jet fuel costs). Assuming 200 passengers, that's $22.50 per person. Not exactly "$5 of electricity" but surprisingly small.

    Feel free to check my math, my brain hurts.

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  • [–] 13 points 2 months ago (2 children)

    I fucking hate everyone and would love to subject you fucks to 4g of pain taking off with a stupid catapult system. Nice math.

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  • [–] 3 points 2 months ago

    All those screaming kids would get a quick education on how relatively nice everything was before the plane was launched.

    "Billy, why are you crying? Do I have to take you on another plane ride? Oh, you're gonna cry harder now? That's it, I'm getting the vomit bags. I got this nice new child design one for you that wraps around your head and ties closed at your neck. Won't that be a treat?"

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  • [–] 8 points 2 months ago (6 children)

    One important caveat to this. It costs less than 17 cents to generate 1 kwh. Closer to 3 cents really. But that's the cost of making the electricity, getting that electricity to a house or charger or what have you costs more. Since energy is a for profit industry they tack all the logistics costs to the client buying the electricity.

    So your math is spot on but I fear the amount of markup on the electricity will be massive especially since it's for a business let alone an airline.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago* (last edited 2 months ago) (1 child)

    National average it's 55¢ to run 3kw on 3phase electricity for an hour. Offshore areas like Hawaii and Alaska see higher costs like 1.60$/hr per 3kw on 3phase electricity but Alaska has a higher natural gas usage and Hawaii is further away from the CONUS electrical grid. National average per 24/hrs of charging is a little over 13$ with 3kw at 3phase.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago* (3 children)

    The entire airport is now covered in solar panels. Yes, the runway is a solar panel too.

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  • [–] 18 points 2 months ago (4 children)

    Since a plane requires the most thrust at takeoff, you could use ground-based catapults to get the plane to takeoff speed (or faster even) and then you could carry smaller batteries and propelling machinery.

    Don't you dare talk about catapulting using electric technologies in America though. Steam only! 🇺🇸🗽🦅🏈

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  • [–] 9 points 2 months ago (2 children)

    I didn't say which type of catapult. I don't need ICE showing up at my door.

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago*

    There are many who have suggested replacing the fuel intensive takeoff with electric ramps, similar to what the do on aircraft carriers. The problem is most people could not handle 3-4 gs.

    But, there could be a detachable battery pack that disconnects after takeoff to fly back to charge as a drone.

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  • [–] 6 points 2 months ago* (3 children)

    A plane should still be capable of unassisted taking off and landing for emergencies, imo.

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  • [–] 3 points 2 months ago (2 children)

    Landing yes, it's kinda silly to try to implement arresting cables for landing anyway. Takeoff though? If the system is broken, well then takeoff is delayed, but that wouldn't be an emergency. Planes can't take off all the time because of weather conditions.

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  • [–] 5 points 2 months ago (6 children)

    Since a plane requires the most thrust at takeoff, you could use ground-based

    Actually dragging (or wheeling in) a wire or having a wire car supplying the plane with electricity during takeoff would work too.

    I think the only realistic use case is going to be short trips. For long range offsetting the carbon for jet fuel just makes more sense.

    But really small personal vehicles could be interesting. There is the Pivotal BlackFly which can VTOL and uses less electricity than a big electric car - and it needs to roads. So for commuting this could actually work to save on infrastructure.

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  • [–] 4 points 2 months ago (1 child)

    Actually dragging (or wheeling in) a wire or having a wire car supplying the plane with electricity during takeoff would work too.

    After doing more of the math, I realized that the energetic cost of takeoff is quite a small fraction of the overall cost. So the only real benefit of the catapult would be to reduce the size and weight of the propulsive machinery on the plane. So externally providing just the electricity wouldn't be much of a benefit.

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago

    This is a pretty bananas idea, but I wondered if in the future we'll be able to have something like a large robot arm "throw" a small plane from the top of a skyscraper as well as catch it for landing. Something like a modified trebuchet, slowly storing energy in a suspended weight to power throwing the plane, or to store the energy from catching the plane. We'd probably need further advances in robotics control, and the arm might need to be too heavy to be fast enough. And overall this makes even less sense than a catapult / puller that is already in use for gliders.

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  • [–] 4 points 2 months ago (2 children)

    The biggest problem with flying cars is, well, have you seen how people drive?

    It's stressful enough just crossing the street. But at least you know when you're doing it, look both ways, look around for idiot drivers. If there were flying cars you'd always be in danger everywhere.

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago* (1 child)

    look both ways

    Which many don't regularly do and now added vertical dimension, more directions to look.

    Can you imagine the chaos of hundreds of thousands of flying cars all trying to takeoff or land at the same time during morning and afternoon commutes. It would be glorious to witness, minus the human carnage. Even with the help of air traffic controllers there are still collisions with the current volume of air traffic. In a word, unworkable.

    Two obvious solutions to traffic congestion in the US are work from home and replacing the public transport networks that automobile and oil interests dismantled.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago

    Yeah and airplane pilots have to do a whole lot of training before they're trusted with flying.

    And yeah, 100% agree on better public transit and more WFH. We've developed technology to do this but somehow people insist that we should all sit in moving metal cages surrounded by six lanes of other people in their metal cages every day so we can have a Teams meeting with the person sitting next to us in the office.

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  • [–] 3 points 2 months ago

    For extra fun, you could have landing planes snag a wire and use their momentum to accelerate a plane taking off.

    What about Flintstones style breaks, where everyone's legs stick out under the plane and they need to use them to stop?

    Sure, it wouldn't be effective, but one or two of these new flights being on the news and global emissions would be down even farther than with your plan.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago (3 children)

    This plane can't carry passengers. All the useful load is taxen up by batteries. It's the fundamental issue with all-electric aviation

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago* (last edited 2 months ago) (2 children)

    Well, feel free to correct me on my math here, I'm no battery expert. Google says a 100 kWh battery typically weighs between 1000 and 1500 pounds. Since we'd need 6618 kWh for the hypothetical trip from Cleveland to NYC, that means we'd need 67 x 100 kWh batteries which would weigh between 67,000 and 100,000 pounds. Google also says the typical fuel load for a 737 is around 50,000 pounds, so the relative overage from batteries (since obviously you wouldn't need to carry any fuel) would be 17,000 to 50,000 pounds. This would roughly give you a passenger capacity range between 120 and nobody. Even worse if you consider the need to have some reserves of power for unexpected circumstances. There's also the problem mentioned elsewhere in this thread that the batteries don't become lighter as they're discharged, so your landing weight is the same as your takeoff weight.

    So yeah, battery weight is the core problem. But if battery weight comes down by "just" 50% (and I have no idea if that's on the horizon or not) then electric aviation becomes quite viable.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago

    It will be too hard to time landings and take offs at small ports, but if you replace this with a massive flywheel you can have gearing to both spin it up on landings and draw from it to launch.

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  • [–] 1 point 2 months ago (1 child)

    I was about to crunch the numbers to check for myself, thanks for doing it, you did a great job.

    Amazes me how they made it work considering the amount of arcane shit it takes to make jet engines work. Of course it is possible since electric motors are torque monsters, but it still must've taken insane efforts to make it work.

    I wonder if we'll see these flying anytime soon or if they'll get shot down by the fossil fuel i industry just like everything else that is amazing

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  • [–] 17 points 2 months ago

    Time to pass those savings onto the consumer shareholders!

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  • [–] 17 points 2 months ago* (3 children)

    I did my best to find any technical data about the flight. Couldn’t find any actual numbers. FWIW it’s not intended to be a standalone method of powering the aircraft for commercial use; they plan on making it a hybrid, which makes far more sense as far as range and payload are concerned. Best guess a 25000 lb aircraft like this will probably cruise around 120-150Kt at a nice, slow, efficient airspeed for a test like this. So maybe a 40-50 mile flight because “air time” probably started as soon as they lifted off.

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  • [–] 7 points 2 months ago* (2 children)

    Yeah the problem is they also don't tell us the load during the flight. From the lift equation (let's be hand wavey) if they're a similar size to a regional jet (same planform area) your heavy lift is better driven by speed than lifting coefficient. Of course, it's hard to go fast with electric props, so I wonder if a safe ceiling is probably 400Kt 300Kt?

    Gives a nice range of you know... 40 to 200 150 miles.

    Edit:

    No way. The speed record for a prop aircraft currently stands at about 300Kt. If we use that generously our new ceiling is lower.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago* (last edited 2 months ago) (1 child)

    It’s right there, friend.

    25,000lb. Reading the article it says “more than 25,000 lb”.

    We should assume they used a highly efficient airfoil that can maintain the most efficient possible cruise for the demonstration aircraft probably at L/D max if they’e looking for time aloft, so I doubt it’s even worth considering top speed or ceiling. It would be interesting to know what NACA profile they used and what the top speed characteristics would be.

    Edit: looks like a Vne of 140 Kias. This is not a fast aircraft. Also a minimal useful load. If you make a couple clicks through to the site of the test it’ll give you more info.

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  • [–] 4 points 2 months ago

    The first flight of the largest battery-electric aircraft to take to the skies lasted nearly half an hour while costing just $5 of electricity.

    The X1 aircraft is comparable in size to a small regional airliner and can achieve a maximum takeoff weight exceeding 25,000 pounds with the help of four wing-mounted electric motors. The battery-electric propulsion system delivered more than one megawatt of power during the maiden flight.

    It doesn't tell us what the load was for the test flight at this price point.

    You're probably right that it is good and slow and much less weight.

    Likely a short flight.

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  • [–] 31 points 2 months ago (5 children)

    People down here acting like $5 to keep 25,000 lbs in the air for 30 minutes is not a milestone worth announcing.

    "Be perfect NOW" 🤣

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  • [–] 12 points 2 months ago*

    Because they didn't. And anyone that is capable of critical thought can easily take the few numbers they provide in the article and do some simple calculations.

    They claim the motors pull more than 1mw of power. So using 1 mw for 30 minutes is 500kWh. That means they paid 1 cent per kWh. (Spoiler. They dont)

    And nowhere, does it say the plane weighted 25000 pounds. It says it "can exceed" 25000 pounds. But by no means does that mean that's what it weighted in this test.

    The most likely scenario is that the plane was bare minimum rather than maximum. I doubt even passenger seats were installed.

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago* (1 child)

    There are also flights where this could be used as fully electric right now, or very soon if they increase range a bit. If you fly from Tallinn to anywhere via Finnair, you go through Helsinki, that's like a 30 minute flight. And the reason you don't just drive to Helsinki is that you'd have to take the ferry which costs more money, takes over an hour and the Helsinki airport isn't that close to the port.

    Similarly, you can fly from Tallinn to the two bigger islands here in Estonia, very short flights versus like a 3 or 4 hour bus ride involving a ferry. 30 and 40 minute flights with the current 30-40 person planes that company uses.

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  • [–] 3 points 2 months ago

    There are plenty of flights where 30 min in the air is enough. The general public seems to only consider trans ocean and regional flights but there are plenty of uses cases they don't see.

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  • [–] 3 points 2 months ago (1 child)

    This plane is a piblicity stunt and will never be a viable product (the company itself said it is not meant for commercial production)

    This "jet" has a lower max speed than a Cessna 150, a service ceiling of 2,000 AGL - far less than any commercial aircraft. It weighs 25,000 pounds with no passengers or cargo, almost certainly it's max weight. They can't even fit a 2nd pilot

    They do not disclose how much energy was actually used, just a vague "$5" figure and a listed max power of 1MW

    It's just a marketing ploy and you fell for it

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  • [–] 13 points 2 months ago*

    If they can fly a small airliner for 30 minutes for $5. Either there's a whole lot they're leaving out. or they're not paying anywhere near what I pay for electricity.

    They say the engines delivered more than 1 megawatt of power. Cool, so 1 MW over 30 minutes. That's 500kWh. Which means if they paid $5 for it. They paid 1 cent per kWh. Now i don't know about you guys. But i sure as hell don't pay 1 cent per kWh.

    they also dont specify how many kwh they used. which is why i assumed a sustained 1mw of power. they also dont say how much the plane weighted. only what it could potentially carry. that doesn't mean that's what it weighted in the test.

    don't get me wrong. cool stuff to fly electric planes. but i can't help but feel incredibly sceptic when they leave out a lot of numbers while making the insane claim that they only used $5 worth of electricity.

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  • [–] 9 points 2 months ago* (last edited 2 months ago)

    It just occurred to me that with the recent advancements in cargo-container-sized nuclear reactors, they would excellent fit to power aircraft due to their high energy densities. There were attempts at nuclear-powered aircraft in the past using older technology, but IIRC they irradiated crews and were primarily for bombers carrying nukes that would supposedly need to be in the air continuously for days at a time.

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  • An experimental plane to help develop a future hybrid still another experimental phase away that will still be limited to regional travel due to autonomy issues. Still pretty awesome, but still some time away.

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  • [–] 19 points 2 months ago (4 children)

    In other words the Us won’t use this technology because it hurts the oil companies pockets

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  • [–] 2 points 2 months ago (3 children)
  • [–] 4 points 2 months ago (2 children)

    I'm guessing autocorrect swapped "US" with "Us."

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  • [–] 5 points 2 months ago (1 child)

    Good and as battery technology improves, EV aircraft would be ideal for short commuter hops.

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