There are certain pesticides that are approved for organic farmers. I don't know the details of the chemistry or whether those pesticides are actually organic, but there's a whole list of pesticides that aren't allowed if you want the organic label. I can only assume the ones mentioned here are or will be among them.

Sure, Monsanto has shady business practices and uses biased internal studies to get "organic" versions of things that are still harmful, but that's a Monsanto issue and an issue with the politicians who have Monsanto in their pockets. Same deal with roundup being labeled "safe" for household use even though independent studies say otherwise.

But if you want to make this about semantics, then "organic" means "containing carbon which is the building block of life" when you're talking about chemistry. When you're talking about geometry, organic means something different. When you're talking about processes, organic means something different. I don't think it's that unreasonable to say organic also means something different when talking about food labels, especially when the definition in that context is clearly defined by legislation/regulatory policy.

Huh? From your own link

• organic farmers use different kinds of pesticide if they use pesticide
• they need to use non-pesticide methods first, and any pesticide use is heavily regulated
• while some of the organic and limited synthetic pesticides could and do have potential human health implications, the vast majority of the synthetic pesticides used on conventional produce are widely recognized as probably having some damaging impacts on humans eating produce contaminated by them.

As a result

• Conventional vegetables were contaminated with 2 to 17 times as many pesticides as were organic vegetables. Conventional fruits were contaminated with 6–75 times as many pesticides as organic fruits.
• The dietary risk index was more than 50 times higher for conventional vegetables than for organic vegetables, and more than 130 times higher for conventional fruits.

Don't both sides this. The person saying buying organic is just raising your grocery bill without changing your pesticide exposure or risks is objectively, factually wrong.