I am trying to capture costs for starting into homelab/selfhosting.

VPNs, search engines, absolutely everything and anything.

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[–] 33 points 5 months ago (11 children)

Domain is about $15/yr

Email for my domain is $20/yr

VPN is about $50/yr

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  • [–] 11 points 5 months ago (2 children)

    Yeah thats... Pretty much it for me.

    Unless we want to include donations? But that doesnt fit the word "subscription" IMO.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago (7 children)

    Which email host do you use? I can't decide which one to go for. I want something like migadu but they seem a bit scary with their message limits. The other option I have in mind is purelymail but I don't know if I trust them yet

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago (1 child)

    Not who you replied ti, but I've been on purelymail for about a year and a half. No complaints. $10.yr is great, and their billing statements claim I could be around $3/year if I switched to their advanced billing. I have nagging concern that they're hosted on AWS, and if your goal is to completely free yourself of US tech giants, then purelymail won't.

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  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago

    Thanks for the input! Yeah, I haven't heard of any bad experience with them. Maybe I just need to take the leap of faith. Although the ownership change recently was a bit concerning but it seems like the operation quality hasn't reduced

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago (4 children)

    My domain's registrar is namecheap, i tried their email on a whim, i've had no complaints in the 7ish years I've been using them. Privateemail.com

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago (3 children)

    I checked it out, looks like they don't support catch all and have an artifical limitation on "aliases"

    For me, I think I would like to have catch all working without paying too much

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago* (2 children)

    I'm pretty sure they do support catch all, because that's what I have. Or at least they used to and I'm grandfathered in.

    looked it up, seems like a quick setting:

    https://www.namecheap.com/support/knowledgebase/article.aspx/9412/2214/how-to-set-up-catchall-in-namecheap-private-email/

    I'm pretty sure I have the cheapest, one email address option with catch-all. I didn't set up any aliases.

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  • [–] 23 points 5 months ago (8 children)

    There are subscription costs for homelabbing?

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  • [–] 50 points 5 months ago (6 children)

    Electricity. Off-site backup. FOSS project donations. Thigh-high socks. Domains.

    😂 3
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  • [–] 17 points 5 months ago (2 children)

    Thigh-high socks

    They've even put programmer socks behind subscriptions, world is a fuck

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago (1 child)

    Planned obsolescence means that the thigh high socks degrade quickly, forcing consumers to purchase new pairs more often than they really need too. The fabrics are now less resistant to excessive sweat, moisture, and oils. Shrinkflation also means you get less sock for the same amount of money, increasing the margins for the sock megacorporations. Additionally, the missing sock ghost (who routinely steals socks from a pairs leaving victims with just the one) has struck a deal with Big Programmer Socks to increase the number of lost sock pairs over time in exchange for a large share of the profits.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago (1 child)

    Electricity $200 Off-site backup $130 FOSS project donations $800 Thigh-high socks $3600 Domains £150

    someone who is good at the economy please help me budget this. my family is dying

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  • [–] 15 points 5 months ago*
    • Domain for about 15/year
    • Proton unlimited (mostly mail, SimpleLogin, vpn) about 90/year
    • Nabu casa (not that I need it, but to support development) 75/year

    I spend a lot more money on donations to the open source stuff I’m running, but they are not strictly speaking “subscriptions”. Self hosting for me isn’t about cost, it’s about data ownership.

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  • [–] 11 points 5 months ago

    and here I thought the idea was to avoid to have subscriptions 🤣

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  • [–] 10 points 5 months ago* (4 children)

    Hosting for two:

    • Domain - $300/yr (it's a great domain, don't judge me.)
    • Proton Duo - $180/yr
    • Kagi Duo - $168/yr
    • Nabu Casa (Home Assistant) - $65/yr
    • Donations to FOSS projects & initiatives - $250/yr
    • Lingering security camera subscription (next to go) - $120/yr
    • ISP Unlimited Data - $600/yr gofuckyourselfISP
    • Typical added network load ~50W - $131/yr
    • ~10yr Hardware Upgrades - $200/yr

    I just upgraded my home storage setup, so offsite backup is now running at my parents house, saving me ~$250/yr (but probably costing them ~$50/yr in added utility costs)

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  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago (3 children)

    Kagi Duo

    I understand the concept, free search engines aren't free, but I'm just not there yet enough to pay for a search engine. I don't have ads on my network period, haven't in decades. I also filter heavily through pFsense and other means. So, while I am admittedly still contributing somewhat to a major search engine, at the very least I have still retained most of my data, and search results must be selected with prudence.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago)

    I hear you! I was on the same boat - I had telemetry locked down as much as possible, but I eventually got tired of the arms race and decided to give Kagi a spin.

    Took a while to commit but a big selling point was being able to bring my very non-technical wife along for the ride.

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  • [+] 9 points 5 months ago* (last edited 4 weeks ago) (14 children)
  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago (3 children)

    $50/year electrical bill for a Pi?!

    Nevermind, I just did some back of the napkin math and came out around 35 a year if I was running one full power 24/7, so yeah, that is the right ballpark guess for a maximum.

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  • [+] 2 points 5 months ago* (last edited 4 weeks ago) (3 children)
  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    I went off the power supply maximum output. 5.1 volts, 3 amps, so 15 watts per hour. 24hrs per day, 365 days a year, so 131,400 watt-hours, or 131kilowatt-hours. My electricity is about $0.25/kwh (advertised at 0.09/kwh, but when you add on bullshit fees, the final rate is much higher), so I came up with $32.85 as the maximum amount any device connected to that power supply could cost.

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  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago* (1 child)

    A realistic Pi 4B-only estimate is about A$8–A$12 per year in electricity

    That's about what I calculated for my locale. Roughly $0.30–$0.85 per month, around $0.48/month at 4 W. Which is remarkable especially given what you can run on one.

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  • [+] 2 points 5 months ago* (last edited 4 weeks ago) (1 child)
  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago

    I've got a drawer full of various models I've picked up here and there, mostly used that people were selling. I stumbled across a yard sale once where a guy and his son were selling a lot of computer equipment to raise money for his son to get some newer stuff for college. There was a whole box of them, maybe 10+ and I paid $100 for all of them. I use them from time to time for different projects. Good little learning boards.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago (1 child)

    You might want to consider Premiumize for Usenet (and torrent cache) at that price. Catch it on the Black Friday sale. I think it does NZB as well.

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  • [+] 1 point 5 months ago* (last edited 4 weeks ago) (1 child)
  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    Essentially its a paid seed box. It has most things already cached, and if it doesn't, you can copy in a magnetic link and it'll torrent it for you and save it to your account cloud (and presumably make it available for other users but it counts against your credits so delete it when you've watched it).

    Personally, I've rarely had to get it to pull a feed for me, it has nearly everything I've wanted cached already.

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  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago (3 children)

    Usenet...boy that brings back some memories from back in the day. Surprised that it seems to still be going strong.

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  • [+] 2 points 5 months ago* (last edited 4 weeks ago) (3 children)
  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago (1 child)

    Ahh yeah. Good ol winaock. DLL. Just copy the DLL and magically these programs are connected???

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  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago (3 children)

    This is why torrents are better! I torrent the highest quality files I can find so I'd blow through that 500gb quickly.

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  • [+] 1 point 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago) (2 children)
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  • [–] 9 points 5 months ago (5 children)

    Yearly:

    • ~80€ for 6 domains (using all of them)
    • 125€ electricity (480kWh, 0,26€/kWh)
    • 540€ VPSes (joint projects where other admins have access, not entirely paid by myself though, still planning to migrate one of them into homelab)

    Not counting ISP since we have that anyways.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago (1 child)

    What are you using those 6 domains for? Genuine question btw

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    Two are fedi instances, one is "official (related to my legal name)" and mostly used for email, one for personal selfhosted stuff I want to access from outside without vpn (like this Lemmy instance), one used to be a local concert calendar which I sunset so it's not needed anymore. Currently forgot the sixth one lol

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago (2 children)

    0.26€/kWh? Jeez I thought $0.14 CAD during peak was bad

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  • [–] 9 points 5 months ago

    Aside from domain costs, I don’t pay for any extra services in regards to my homelab. I pay for email as well because I don’t want to manage that.

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  • [–] 14 points 5 months ago (5 children)

    I pay ~$15/mo for Usenet so I can get...news...easily.... 👀

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  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago (1 child)

    Since you are paying, it seems to be worth it. I read a lot of mixed opinions online. What do you find there that you can't on torrent sites? Or is it just ease of use?

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago*

    Ease of use (once it's set up). Getting it set up is the tricky part, but it's just tedious more than anything else.

    I actually have two subscriptions, one for the newsgroup and one for the indexer. The newsgroup access is monthly while the indexer is annual, like $12/yr or something, stupid cheap.

    Absolutely worth it.

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  • [–] 6 points 5 months ago

    For my homelab:

    Mullvad: ~$6/month Domain: $8/year

    And whatever cost for electricity for running a singular mini PC, Pi4, and my synology.

    Cost isn't much.

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  • [–] 5 points 5 months ago (2 children)

    Domain for $8 a year and 300Mbps fiber for $45 a month which snake ass AT&T keeps increasing in 5 dollar increments, so thank you for reminding me to call Spectrum for a quote so I can then call AT&T and harass them into giving me the correct price for another year.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago*

    call Spectrum for a quote so I can then call AT&T and harass them into giving me the correct price for another year.

    It's a shitty business model. Over the years I've found that in order to get the most out of Spectrum it is necessary to be a royal asshole and live in their phones. Here in this locale, Spectrum contracted with the local schools to be their ISP, so Spectrum became a utility just like water, power, etc. We even have a complaint form on our official county's website to facilitate being a royal asshole when necessary.

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  • [–] 4 points 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago)

    I pay for

    My domain: $75 for 5 years

    Usenet newsgroup access: $75 a year

    Internet: $100 a month.

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  • [–] 4 points 5 months ago

    $6.50 for nabu casa (home assistant cloud)

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  • [–] 6 points 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago) (12 children)

    VPNs, search engines, absolutely everything and anything.

    • Wireshark Wireguard (VPN): free
    • SearxNG (Search Engine): free
    • Equipment: widely varies

    The whole idea of selfhosting is to cut out corporate subscriptions and to retain your privacy, security, anonymity, and data.

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  • [–] 4 points 5 months ago (1 child)

    If the VPN is for phoning home, of course there's free client and server software.

    But if it's for spoofing a different location, you either get found out, or you have to pay.

    I wanna live in a world where I do not pay for anything but there is stuff that you can only really get if you pay.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago (2 children)

    Wireshark has to be a typo right? I never knew the packet capture program did that.

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  • [–] [S] 2 points 5 months ago (6 children)

    I am very concerned about selfhosting and exposing my network to the internet. I thought people had VPS etc.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago (4 children)

    A VPS is a Virtual Private Server, such as one would rent from a provider like digitalocean.com com or similar. Most of the crew here run their homelab off of equipment located in their residence. If a VPS is the path you'd like to take, then that would be a subscription. If you have equipment in your physical possession, that is yet another path. Either way, security is of utmost importance.

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  • [–] [S] 2 points 5 months ago (3 children)

    Tailscale being an alternative to a VPS then?

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago

    Tailscale is a layer on top of wireguard and is a VPN. Don't open your home to the outside world, that's just asking for trouble.

    Tailscale is a great choice for you at this stage for accessing your stuff from anywhere and not worrying about anyone else. Downside is if Tailscale decides to enshittify some day you (a lot of us) will have to figure what our next move is.

    For the casual and/or beginner, it really is an excellent service even at the free tier.

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  • [–] 1 point 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago)

    Tailscale is a VPN (Virtual Private Network) which is different than a VPS (Virtual Private Server).

    ETA: Oops. I see your question has been answered multiple times. It seems you are a beginner at selfhosting and trying to get a grip on what's necessary to start and trying to wrap your brain around all the acronyms. There is absolutely no shame in being a beginner. Everyone in this community was a beginner at some point in their life. So, don't be bashful about asking questions. I've found the folks here to be patient and helpful.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago (1 child)

    Wonky Coffee, about £30 per month.

    Hey, you did say anything and everything...!

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  • [–] 4 points 5 months ago

    Wonky Coffee

    Never heard of them, checked it out. That's a noble cause. I think we Americans especially, waste so much food it's downright embarrassing. Yet we make laws that say it is prohibited to feed the homeless. That's unconscionable imho. I strongly feel, we as a society, have a moral obligation to our fellow man to help when help is needed, no matter who they are or how they came to be in need.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago

    I don't think you need too many subscriptions for self-hosting. Just the domain. And that's only if you want to be fancy. You can just use an IP address. Or services like Netbird give you a free domain (whatever.netbird.cloud). Uh, what else. Uh, the electricity subscription? My server idles at about 70w. It runs 24/7. (Netbird and Tailscale are free options for creating VPNs.)

    That's kinda the point of self-hosting that you don't have subscriptions.

    starting into homelab/selfhosting.

    There is a 1-time up-front cost though. You need to acquire hardware and right now AI is messing everything up. Hardware is at an all time high. Maybe you can find more affordable used hardware somewhere.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago*
    • Domain: $12/year
    • Small VPS: $60/year
    • Offsite Backup: $80/year
    • Electricity: ?? I haven’t broken it out.

    All in, that’s $152/year. I’m probably going to add another $132/year if/when I can convince the rest of the family to move away from Gmail.

    The VPS is for a few services that I don’t want to go down if my home internet connect goes down. And offsite backups are a must for me.

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  • [–] 3 points 5 months ago

    Domain only. Maybe $20 a year. Selfhosting email and VPN.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    ISP: $75/month for symmetrical 1Gbit fiber and unlimited data. This is the biggest expense. All other options are 1-25 Mbps up with cable or dsl and most are just as expensive.

    VPSs: around $40/month, though I'm planning to cut back a bit as I'm moving some stuff local.

    2 Domains: < $30/year

    The rest is purchased with no future subscription costs. This covers everything except for the security cams that I need to migrate off of corporate services one of these days.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago (2 children)

    The only subscription I have is Mullvad.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago)

    It really depends on which services you need besides whatever hardware you have lying around.

    For me it's a bit higher, as I used to host all my stuff on a rented dedicated box. Having an always on server in my bedroom didn't work for me, I have moved out since and built a local sever.

    • Dedicated Hetzner server + 10TB storage box: ~75€/month
    • Netcup VPS (external monitoring): ~6.50€/month
    • Kavita+ subscription for additional features: 5 USD/month (I think)
    • Various domains: not sure, I have ~7 domains so another ~100€/year
    • Mail: 90USD/year
    • VPN: ~50USD/year (forgot to track this expense, oops)
    • Backblaze B2: ~2€/month

    If you only need a public IP to reach your stuff, an even cheaper VPS should suffice.

    Edit: forgot some stuff in the first pass

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    Many thousand dollars sunk into hardware. The electricity bill, I guess. Other than that, Mullvad is probably the only running cost related to self-hosting.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago* (last edited 5 months ago)

    For startup costs, ~80€ for a used micro PC a few years back (+100€ for a 1TB SSD for it).

    Since then

    • 6€/yr domain
    • 48€/yr email (proton plus using domain above)
    • I'm thinking of setting up Backblaze B2 for offsite backup, should be ~20€/yr for about 250GB stored continuously if I calculated right

    I never bothered with electricity costs, since it's a small micro PC. It probably uses sub 20W average, which, next to an AC, fridge, and WFH costs, has to be negligible, the cost of buying a measuring device in itself is probably not worth it

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    Last year I spent around £60 per months on subscriptions only. Plus internet £35, so nearly £100. This year I've stopped Apple (iCloud bs+), prime, Spotify, audible and replaced those with FOSS, this year a one time payment per year to a Usenet service, £60, and a vps at £5 months, the experience has changed and after a bit of adaptation it all now feels so much better than the shackled experience I used to have. Love everything about it! So all in all I used to have a budget of around £1200/year and now it's down to half of that and the experience is far far far better. I recommend it.! Would be interested now to look at what can be done with IPTV.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    Suggest paying for a mini PC and hosting off of that opposed to a VPS, having a dedicated machine to tinker with is much easier, just have to beat the upfront cost.

    RPi also works but can get sluggish quite easily.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago*

    4€ a month for a VPS. Used to host a wireguard VPN and make my home server publicly accessible with restrictions

    25€ a year for the domain name.

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  • [–] 2 points 5 months ago
    [–] 2 points 5 months ago

    Uhh i think i pay $70 every couple years for a vpn and thats kinda that.

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