Audile is open source and on bdroid. Here is their privacy policy: https://github.com/aleksey-saenko/MusicRecognizer/blob/master/PRIVACY.md

You can just ask me, I’ll tell you.

Musicbrainz Picard. This is the only way I can wedge Linux into this conversation. On a less privacy focused method, I use the music identification on my Google Pixel

I use Audire from F-droid. It relies on the APIs of Shazam and AUDD. But it's a FOSS app, there is no account to log into, and I'm running it on Graphene so it's also sandboxed and permissions restricted.

Google Pixel has a standard "Now Playing" feature that is using on-device recognition. Well, you have to trust Google on that, though.