I might be stupid by not knowing this, but I suddenly got an item on my bucket list.

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[–] 22 points 1 month ago* (last edited 4 weeks ago) (2 children)

Yeah, it's wild that the bulk result of all the droplets in a system individually refracting the White light is essentially a uniform macroscopic refraction as though it had gone through some kind of super droplet.
Physics does some cool stuff sometimes!

Edit: Refraction not defraction

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  • [–] 37 points 1 month ago (16 children)

    And there's typically three (triple rainbow), you just can't usually see all three.

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  • [–] 38 points 1 month ago (11 children)
  • [–] 22 points 1 month ago (7 children)

    Water refracts light according to science!

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  • [–] 6 points 1 month ago (6 children)
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  • [–] 1 point 4 weeks ago (2 children)

    16 years ago. No wonder i didn't get it!

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  • [–] 3 points 4 weeks ago (1 child)

    It's related to the number of total internal reflections inside a raindrop. The 2nd rainbow is actually inverted, colour wise. The 3rd inverts again, and so is normal. Each reflection loses more light however, so it gets dimmer. 3 is the practical limit in the sky, with our eyes. In the lab version, at least 18 rainbows can be detected, even by undergraduate level students!

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  • [–] 4 points 1 month ago (1 child)

    Aren't there actually 5, with the other two being on the opposite side of the viewer from the main 3?

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  • [–] 6 points 1 month ago

    I don't think there is a limit, it's just that each one is significantly less visible. It's all to do with the number of bounces within the rain drop.

    IIRC rings 1 and 4 are towards the sun.

    In cold climates you can also get sun halos where the position depends on the shape of the ice crystals in the air.

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  • [–] 18 points 1 month ago* (1 child)

    Also: there is no pot of gold if there is no end of the rainbow. Let this sink in for a moment.

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  • [–] 10 points 1 month ago (1 child)

    I have seen full circles and doubles. It's very beautiful. I also like that the background inside of a rainbow is often a different color than the background around it.

    A cool thing happened a few weeks ago though. I saw the ends of the rainbow IN FRONT of the trees that were only 100m away. And when we drove past those trees it was in front of the next bunch of trees. Maybe it was just my eyes deceiving me, or maybe a rainbow only exists in the eyes of the beholder. Never saw that before.

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  • [–] 9 points 1 month ago* (last edited 1 month ago) (4 children)

    This is interesting, but what I want to know is what shape they would be if water droplets were not round.

    Like, if they were cuboid or pyramidal instead, would that change the shape of the rainbow?

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  • [–] 6 points 1 month ago

    Probably not. I would think the more likely outcome is either a very patchy rainbow or none at all. The sphere shape is what is giving you the continuous rainbow, not making it circular. The fact that each color is at a specified angle relative to you / the incidence angle of sunlight does that part.

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  • [–] 6 points 1 month ago (1 child)

    I saw a full rainbow from a plane once. It was sick

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  • [–] 5 points 1 month ago

    Veritasium did a video about a year ago using a large glass sphere as a stand in for a raindrop to break down how we're seeing the various light refracted from its interior (or the millions of tiny spheres at one time actually). It's about 30 mins but there's a few points in the video where it hits you what you're seeing, and it's mind blowing. And none of it exists.

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  • [–] 5 points 4 weeks ago*

    This is one of those weird things where our perception is dictated by our cultural biases.

    If you were an intelligent alien coming to earth for the first time from a planet with no rainbows, you'd see one and think "Oh, what an interesting phenomenon! A circular refraction partially obscured by the ground!" - because of course there's no way that kind of optical phenomenon could be anything other than completely symmetrical. It's obvious if you think about it.

    But as a human, right from being a child every single portrayal of a rainbow has them as an arc, and we were never given reason to think about it from an analytical perspective. So we never did.

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  • [–] 5 points 1 month ago (1 child)

    Sun dog are kind of related aren't they?

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  • [–] 5 points 4 weeks ago* (last edited 4 weeks ago)

    You can see this for yourself if you have one of those hoses with the multiple nozzle settings. I forget which setting I had it on, but I blew my own mind seeing a rainbow ring messing around with one as a kid.

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  • [–] 4 points 1 month ago (1 child)

    Look at the moon on a misty night, you'll see the full circle around it. Kinda tricky to have the right Moon and weather at the same time though.

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  • [–] 3 points 1 month ago*

    arent they actually cones? and we just see a segment of that cone which appears as (half of) a ring?

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  • [–] 2 points 1 month ago

    Let me share that famous MIT lecture on rainbows again: https://youtu.be/iKUSWJWMSk4

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  • [–] 2 points 4 weeks ago

    My first encounter with this concept was playing Katamari Damacy. Once you've gotten big enough to roll up the rainbow, you get to see it's a full circle ⭕ 🌈

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  • [–] 1 point 4 weeks ago (1 child)
  • This type of misinformation is exactly what I would expect from the leprechaun. "It's a circle, no need to search for the gold, move along". Nice try, I'm not buying it!

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