There was no special chip on the cartridge either, not sure where you heard that from.
Hmm, I may be conflating or misremembering some details, possibly involving the Earthbound Zero prototype cartridges that were floating around for a while. It's been a long time, but I do distinctly remember that very early in SNES emulation on PC, that there was a bit of a struggle getting Earthbound (Mother 3) to pass the piracy checks, though every emulator for the last ~20 years handles it just fine now.
It may have been a different Nintendo console that did a voltage check. But I'm pretty sure I didn't just make that up out of nowhere. Now it's gonna drive me crazy figuring out what I'm trying to remember. :(