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[–] 1 point 3 months ago* (2 children)

I'm not sure what the author had in mind exactly, but it's not accurate that at least 3D is required in continuous-time systems.

A common example in 2D is the chaotic billiard.

I am not familiar with the book and haven't studied strange attractors.

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  • [–] [S] 2 points 3 months ago* (last edited 3 months ago) (1 child)

    The physical motion of the billiards is two-dimensional, but wouldn’t the phase space be four-dimensional (since it tracks both position and momentum)?

    I think the reason chaos needs at least three-dimensional phase space for continuous-time systems is that the orbits in phase space can’t intersect (which the paths of the billiards in real space obviously do).

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