Sure, part of the job of the SM is to teach a PO that they need to research the market, but bridging the gap sounds like your saying the SM should find these things out for themselves and that's just not true. The SM by definition is less technically minded that the PO. They deal with processes, data and people, not with product specs and market research.

True, what you described is basically all there is to it, but in my opinion the corrupted versions where the SM is doing backlog management or where the rest of the company structure doesn't change just the dev team are more damaging than the more codified versions of it.

Haha, to avoid exactly this conundrum we prefixed languages with their iso code in a dropdown. So DE - Deutsch or EN - English.

byte order, nobody is happy but at least it's sort of equitable