Two more questions need answering before these findings can become actionable:
- How do these two groups compared to a third group that can use both? ChatGPT is pretty useless on its own when correctness is important, but it improves a lot when you combine it with ways to verify its output.
- How much time and effort would this new group need to accomplish the same task? One of ChatGPT's strengths is being able to communicate a piece of information in many different ways, and in whatever order you ask of it. It's then much faster to verify or through a legitimate source than it is to learn from those sources in the first place.