Can you name another OS that does this? It’s unclear if you mean like configuration files or if you install application X on workstation 1 - you expect that workstation 2 would then sync and have application X?

That won't happen on mint anytime soon. It may be somewhat achievable on ostree/OCI distros like fedora silverblue but even there it's difficult.

I guess you simply want a backup and sync feature on the end user level. You could look into syncthing and sync whatever you want to have synced.

I like syncthing to sync folders on my devices

Wouldn't rsync be able to do this if their on the same network?

Is this like the thing where if you have a computer running Steam in your network, other computers download game updates from the first computer instead of over the internet?

I’d love such a feature on Linux, but I don’t think it’s happening anytime soon.

You might want to look at this one to sync your home folder: https://freefilesync.org/vision.php and then use ssh for system updates. There are no OSes that do this kind of synchronization except maybe NixOS.

It does. RTFM.