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I have self-hosted Matrix for a couple of years. I eventually settled with xmpp/ejabberd/conversations. It is easier to maintain and less resource intensive, especially if you want to go the federation route.
I just use linphone with flexisip. I don't understand why SIP dropped out of this chain.
And yes, there are encrypted 1-on-1 or group chats and you can send photos and documents. As a bonus, you can connect a SIP provider to access the telephony line.
In order of fuss, config ease, and resource requirements, it's: IRC < XMPP < Matrix
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