PVC man

You can dissolve glass with sodium hydroxide. No, I'm not making that up, and yes, eventually it would be an issue.

Also sodium hydroxide doesn't really do much of anything to pipes besides acting like a salt. Its not chemically attacking the cast iron, which is actually a pretty good material combo with NaOH.

But to answer your question yeah those kinds of pipes exist but they're used for chemistry or industrial use. You would probably need to custom order them, and have everything perfectly planned out. It also will certainly add at least 3 zeros onto your plumbing bill for materials, tools, and consumables.

At least where I live cast iron pipes are lined with epoxy coating. The content of the pipes is never in contact with cast iron directly except for the non-factory ends if they've not been painted after cutting.

Also, in my experience those consumer grade drain cleaners do nothing and there's no reason to for anyone to use them.

When engineers become plumbers. What condition of chemical reaction is dissolving a cast iron pipe? I'm generally curious if this is accurate. Especially in over the counter products. A guess of mine is that the damage from chemical treatment of old metal pipes (including thinning copper drains) is caused more so by the expansion created when the chemical reaction heats up. And it does fast. This expansion can cause thining metal to crack.

Glass lining of cast iron tanks is a thing in the boiler industry.

i would guess that the corrosion and deteration of CI drainage systems you are referring too is more likely caused by old age. To prevent further deterioration where replacement isnt an option they can install a liquid liner that is more of an epoxy.

But like some else said. PVC or ABS.