You sign an offer. Then there's a separate pamphlet with benefits they hide in the depths of the supply closet somewhere.

My position is a state position in Europe. Since the specifics of the contract are standardized, and can be found online (theoretically), I didn’t have to sign a contract to start working. I hated it… still do, even if the job is overall good. I only have a piece of paper from HR stating that the state granted me the position.

That should be illegal in any country