You don't have to go into ancient history either.

Physics

Abdus Salam (Pakistan, 1979): Shared the Nobel Prize in Physics for contributions to the theory of the unified weak and electromagnetic interaction.

Chemistry

Ahmed Zewail (Egypt/United States, 1999): Awarded for his work on femtochemistry (studying chemical reactions on ultra-short time scales).

Aziz Sancar (Turkey/United States, 2015): Awarded for mechanistic studies of DNA repair.

Moungi Bawendi (Tunisian heritage, 2023): Awarded for the discovery and synthesis of quantum dots.

Omar M. Yaghi (Jordanian-born, 2025): Awarded a Nobel Prize in Chemistry.

Literature

Naguib Mahfouz (Egypt, 1988): Awarded for his rich and nuanced works of Arabic literature.

Orhan Pamuk (Turkey, 2006): Awarded for discovering new symbols for the clash and interlacing of cultures.

Abdulrazak Gurnah (Tanzania, 2021): Awarded for his uncompromising and compassionate penetration of the effects of colonialism.

Peace Prize

Anwar al-Sadat (Egypt, 1978): Shared for the Camp David Accords.

Yasser Arafat (Palestine, 1994): Shared for peace efforts in the Middle East.

Shirin Ebadi (Iran, 2003): Awarded for significant and pioneering efforts for democracy and human rights.

Mohamed ElBaradei (Egypt, 2005): Awarded alongside the IAEA for efforts to prevent nuclear energy from military use.

Muhammad Yunus (Bangladesh, 2006): Awarded for advancing economic and social development from below (microcredit).

Tawakkol Karman (Yemen, 2011): Awarded for a non-violent struggle for the safety of women and for women's rights to full participation in peace-building.

Malala Yousafzai (Pakistan, 2014): Awarded for the struggle against the suppression of children and young people and for the right of all children to education.

Narges Mohammadi (Iran, 2023): Awarded for her fight against the oppression of women in Iran and her fight to promote human rights and freedom for all.