Maybe. There are different approaches to solving it, and they result in different complexities.

My approach is probably a little longer than what my oldest does (hence why I won’t beat him).

It also helps to be able to instinctively know which adjacent colors go with which color is facing you at any given time; green -> orange, blue -> red, etc. the more you have to analyze the cube, the longer it takes to solve.

Then there is also luck when it comes to the scramble. Some are better than others and don’t have you turning as many pieces. Sometimes I can go from 2:43 to a 1:33 just because of the scramble.

Technically there is a sequence, but it would be way too long for a human to execute in their lifetime.

In practice, you solve it in steps, selecting sequences which solve a couple pieces at a time. The skill is identifying which algorithm to use when, and learning increasingly complex but efficient ones to get your time down.

The method I learned only requires memorizing like 7 algorithms and most of them are pretty short and only care about 1 or 2 pieces at once. I can solve a cube in about a minute.

If you want to get to competition levels (under 10 seconds) you have to learn many more increasingly specific algorithms, they're more complex, and they require you to pay attention to more pieces at the same time.

Yes, it’s a sequence that iterates through all possible combinations. Eventually returns to the starting combination, or the solved state, or any other possible combination. Takes quite as while though.