The fun part about that is how we in the US haven't learned that lesson. We're still building massive park and ride systems that see very little use in many places, but we'd rather fail big (and expensively) than actually reduce traffic.

To make Park and Ride be more effective it needs to be paired with fast, high frequency public transit (and/or great biking infrastructure), then make it very painful to driver the car into the city. Reduce speeds, narrow out lanes, remove in city parking, remove free parking, put in speed bumps, prioritize pedestrians. Basically make it suck to use your dangerous, ecologically destructive noise machine where people should be instead of cars. Otherwise people just skip the overhead of the Park and Ride to drive into the downtown area anyway.