didn’t just flash the image once per frame

Hmm... I'm detecting that we may be operating with different definitions - made no more clear by the fact that you are talking about projectors while I'm answering a question about cameras. To me, a frame is a single still image on a reel of film.

I think I see your point that a projector would insert more black transitions from on frame to the next so that the black transition from one frame to the next isn't as noticeable. However, I don't see the connection to original discussion about frames per second or where the film industry standard of 24fps came from.

Your new cuckoo by The Cardigans

24 fps was the capture rate of old film cameras. The reason for that is because of how sound was stored on the edge of celluloid tape. Because of how the sound waves where imprinted on the tape, the max fidelity was at sample rate of at most 10,000 Hz per 18inches of tape. So, 18 inches of tape has to move through the projector and sound head every second.

Consider a 35mm film reel which was popular at the same time. On a 35mm reel, the height of a single frame is about 19mm. So we have 18 inches (457mm) going across the projector screen, which shows a new frame of film every 19mm. That tells us the frame rate: 457/19 = 24.

And that is why films run at 24 fps. Because it was the natural result of technical constraints when sound started being added to film. This is why older silent movies could use lower frame rates. Super 8 cameras recorded at 18fps because they could get away with it, but once Sound Super 8 hit the scene, it got brought back up to 24fps for much the same reasoning as the 1930s had with 35mm film.

I remember having a professor passing around a bootleg CD of, iirc, Java documentation because he knew not everyone had access at home. He was great!

I really like this!

Good to know about MacOS and Linux. I usually never turn on the human readable mode on my distros because most are VMs.

Anyway, computers absolutely work best with working with numbers 2^n. That gives the most amount of space per bit. Otherwise, we would end up using the same amount of transistors for a fewer number of states. They could also greatly complicate the ALU to determine if it suddenly entered a forbidden state. Two's compliment would certainly be much more difficult.

Submitting would be nearly impossible too

This is my occom's razor explaination:

Around 2017, the video gaming industry hit a major milestone of becoming a hundred billion dollar industry. That caused businesses to flood themselves with MBAs and finance bros. To the best of my knowledge, this is usually a bad move as a big influx of MBAs into an organization is usually a net negative. Research I'm aware of shows productivity goes down, employee pay goes down, and usually stock prices grow at a similar rate than before.

However, along with everything else, it is also pretty well documented that an influx of MBAs into a business drops employee retention, and that the peak of that drop is 3-5 years. In something like the gaming industry, the brain drain of talent into adjacent industries like traditional software development, film, and advertising hits hard. There is a lot of tribal knowledge inside of individual studios that gets lost quickly with just a few layoffs and transfers.

Therefore, I think we are experiencing the down wind effects of the industry performing well, attracting MBAs, MBAs driving off talent, and tribal knowledge being lost at many companies in the game development industry.

Marketing says it has 1,000,000,000,000 bytes, aka 1 Trillion bytes. SI unit naming conventions dictate that is 1 Tera-of-bytes.

Computers work with powers of 2 (Like 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, ...), and wouldn't you know that 2^10 is 1024. So computer scientist will use 1024 as a stand in for Kilobyte because it makes a lot of the math elsewhere much easier.

So, when you buy a 1TB hard drive, the manufacturer is advertising it at 1 Trillion bytes. However, your operating system, like Windows or Linux or MacOS, divides by 1024 when doing the conversion like so: 1 Trillion / 1024 / 1024 / 1024. That works out to just over 931.

To help avoid confusion, the proper term for the 1024 number is a "Kibibyte," abbreviated KiB, instead of a "kilobyte," abbreviated KB. Similar names exist for Mebibytes, Gibibytes, Tibibytes and beyond!

TL;DR Your box is measured in TB and your computer measures in TiB because 1st number is bigger and 2nd number is actually useful.

I'm a big fan of the Beatles, so I've always been partial to the name "Vera" for a girl; named for the grandchild mentioned in "When I'm 64."

For a boy, "Rocky" the raccoon, or the slightly less ridiculous "John" who you could call "Jojo" before they leave they grow up and leave for California

Sadly, I've had similar experiences. Some people are so indoctrinated or have had such bad experiences with corruption in other countries, they just refuse to acknowledge how it would work in the US.

Others are so committed to the identity of not letting anyone, especially the government, tell them what to do (pay taxes), but that is a dying breed in the era of MAGA and post-Covid. (I know COVID is still very much an issue for some areas, but I digress.)

My main point is that while getting someone to understand these two facts may not change their minds, their minds will not change unless they understand these 2 facts. It opens up the door to a conversation that cannot be had beforehand.

It reminds me of talking to a coworker where I teach about taking on a side job. "All he wants is to take stuff from these 3 databases, and then reformat them to go into this database that he can use with this other software."

They didn't like when I told them that they couldn't just vibe code it in a month and that my previous job was working with a persistent and ongoing team of almost 10 people doing that same type of thing.

To clarify before anyone asks, yes, these are all 3 live databases in production environments.

I did my master's thesis on AI feature extraction during the same time period. I'll second what this person is saying.