It would not

"No Derivatives" sounds like it might offer protection, but that's technically if they take your work and transform it.

If you're referring to Attribution being a requirement and then AI is trained on your image, attribution is practically impossible regardless of the legality (that doesn't make it right)

There might be some argument about Fair Use or Fair Dealing, but IANAL

Although I'll reiterate your own point because it's the most essential: AI companies don't care

Feel free to sue Microsoft, Google, Facebook, and that idiot Sam Altman, and tell us how much money you got.

(the answer is no obviously)