Smart meters to cost the UK billions: 2G switch-off means replacing 12-13 million
(www.theregister.com)
That would've the smart choice.
They also could've designed all of this to work as a mesh network so they aren't reliant on anyone elses network.
Yes mesh networks have their flaws but they probably only need to check each meter once a month and it's probably just a MAC address and text. So speed and having the device constantly connected isn't necessary.