Regional-scale, anthropogenic climate change began long before the advent of capitalism, and has been a factor in the collapse of societies before. And capitalism itself wasn't discovered in an ancient, alien tomb and accidentally unleashed upon the Earth. It's an analytical lens with which to view the way that some human societies have developed from innate human behavior.

Capitalism is a very convenient shorthand for a whole system of behaviors that we need to wake the fuck up and stop doing, but we'd be doing those things anyway. Even bacteria in a dish of agar follow the same growth by exploitation of resources, and subsequent collapse, curve in their population.