Uhh, no... It's because that's not how anything works. There's so many flaws in your argument, but here's just one: if an enemy player is really well camouflaged but technically visible, then they would be rendered on the client side, but a human player would have to be very observant to spot them and kill them.
A cheater can replace the enemy character's texture so that, on their screen, the enemy's camouflage is useless and the player can spot them with no effort.
From everything the server can see, the cheater's gameplay is legit. They could just be really good at spotting enemy camouflage. Only by looking at the client side render output, you can spot the cheat.
Unless the server is actually rendering the game for each player (which, spoiler alert, isn't the case), most cheats are not detectable nor preventable on the server side.