Even when a company is doing things pretty well with a VPN, all it takes is one mistake and the cat is out of the bag. At one of my previous employers, we had a fairly good setup with VPNs using single sign on via our IdM provider. IdM enforced SSO and the VPN had a number of policies setup which kept good control over what users could login. And then someone had the brilliant idea to take an old VPN appliance, reset it to factory defaults and configure it just enough to work on our network and then hung it out on the internet for some sort of test (our configuration management left a lot to be desired). Of course, that led to it being left there for a couple months and an attacker finally found it. They also had a valid username/password combination which got them in the door.

Security is hard and often expensive. But still, compared to "we put out OT devices on the internet" a basic VPN is a huge step up.

Fine. New rule, anything that’s your fault and costs a company money you get to pay for out of your golden parachute, your pension, your savings, anything. You caused a problem to save money this quarter forsaking the next quarter when you aren’t there? Screw off.

“network isn’t air gapped anymore” side of things. Now you’re having to maintain firewalls, patch firmwares, manage users, enforce good password hygiene,

This is all shit they should be doing now. They have to have a firewall to get to the net, so they should be maintaining and patching it. Managing users is standard AD shit, and password hygiene is t as easy, but setting reqs in AD for complexity goes a long way (as does not forcing passwords to rotate on an arbitrary basis).

And yes, I know it doesn't happen in a lot of places, which is why I said 'should'. Having been on the cleanup side of multiple security incidents, doing the basics is harder than you'd expect for a lot of places ....