That's because of the proprietary drivers of Microsoft. I use Xbox controllers for years since Xbox 360 days on my PC as my main gamepad. Since the Xbox One era we needed to use a third party community maintained driver, for use with the official dongle from Microsoft. It usually works perfectly, after the initial setup and installation of the driver. But from time to time, it can break for days until an update is out (such as when the driver becomes incompatible with a new Linux Kernel release).

This is why I'm done with Xbox gamepads on Linux and purchased an 8Bitdo gamepad (and later the new Steam Controller to play specifically on Steam).