There are very few cases where this would ever come up without your consent, and fewer still it would matter, so you’re likely over thinking it.
The only case I’m aware of is being a pilot. ADHD is a limiting factor, and while you can still become a pilot, it becomes harder with more hoops to jump through. Stimulant medication is also completely off the table if you’re a pilot.
I am sure there are similar professions out there. But barring those, you’ll likely never be forced to disclose your diagnosis at all.