You are right that the US doesn't have a monopoly on this, but they are almost certainly the front runner. There are plenty of European conservatives that donate to these "causes" and we can't forget the Catholic church that has recently compared "gender ideology" to nuclear war. Russia has also been pushing conservative and anti LGBT views, though I'm not sure how much they are involved in Africa. I'm sure there are plenty of others that I'm leaving out.

In recent history it's mostly the US. It's a big country, and a rich country. Canadian evangelicals do their part, but will always play second fiddle just on population grounds, while Europe is just less religious. (The funny thing is that as a result of their success overseas, evangelical churches around here are getting pretty brown and diverse, which was not the plan)

Obviously this whole chart is outside of the colonial era.

Specifically on this issue in this time frame.