Try starting steam from the terminal. A lot of diagnostic info gets printed to stdout and stderr, which you can scroll through after a crash. Search up anything that looks like a serious error, it might point you in the right direction.
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Switching to flatpak steam will often fix these weird steam problems.
For actually troubleshooting it, I'm guessing you have an issue with your steam runtime for Linux games. Try running steam with the console command:
STEAM_RUNTIME=0 steam
and see if your games work. Basically by default Steam bundles it's own runtime packages to run Linux games with. Setting steam runtime to 0 as part of the launch will disable this functionality, and use your systems packages instead.
Another thing you could try, you can open game properties and go to the compatibility section. There you can check "force compatibility layer" and try different steam Linux runtimes (if you have them installed).
Currently I prefer Windows versions of games. I understand the people who much rather have a native port, but I've come to view Windows (Wine, Proton) as the Linux Gaming API Layer. When you think of it like that, it doesn't really matter if the game has a native port or not.
Last week I installed a game on Steam (can't remember the title, sorry) that had a Feral native port. It complained about my card not being supported and crashed. I then installed the Proton version and it simply worked.
Even if there is a native port, it probably takes work to keep up with Linux rapidly evolving features than to keep it running on Windows relatively static APIs.
So I thank Microsoft for the Linux Gaming API (and the intrepid Wine devs), I'm sure they didn't intend it to be this way but here we are.
Fixed it on one buddie's computer, he installed the snap version. We fixed it by removing that one and installing Steam via apt. Which version do you have?
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