I have seen articles like this over the past few years. When will it be put into widespread use?
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Lots of folks like to talk about collapse. There are movies made about the different ways it might happen.
I want to see one in the very conceivable world where bacteria evolve to eat plastic. All plastic. Rapidly.
What would all the plastic turning to dust before we're ready for it do to the world?
Buildings collapsing or no longer being weather proof. Cars failing. Most of the electrical grid is down because the insulation sloughed off all the wires. Everything mechanical seizes up because the synthetic lubricants are so similar to plastic they are consumed too. Hospitals and sterilization are impossible.
Tylenol?
One of the least useful drugs out there, it's effectiveness at relieving pain is questionable, at best, and is one of the leading overdose meds.
Plastic waste has been a real headache for scientists lately, this solution would cure that headache in more ways than one
Soothe headaches, destroy livers but no more microplastics. I mean, why not.
Note that this works for PET (It's a pet peeve of mine when these articles just say "plastic" in a way that makes it sound, like this can recycle all types of plastics), and more precisely, PET after chemical processing into something else, useable by the modified bacteria. While still a great avenue for recycling, the article does not elaborate how feasible this could become in large scales (unless I missed a sentence or paragraph, that can happen with my brain.):
The team made their discovery when they took polyethylene terephthalate (PET) – a type of plastic often found in food packaging and bottles – and, using sustainable chemical methods, converted it into a new material.
When the researchers incubated this material with a harmless strain of E coli they found it was converted into another substance known as Paba in a process that must have involved a Lossen rearrangement.
Crucially, while the Lossen rearrangement typically involves harsh laboratory conditions, it occurred spontaneously in the presence of the E coli, with the researchers discovering it was catalysed by phosphate within the cells themselves.
The team add that Paba is an essential substance that bacteria need for growth, in particular the synthesis of DNA, and is usually made within the cell from other substances. However, the E coli used in the experiments was genetically modified to block these pathways, meaning the bacteria had to use the PET-based material.
The researchers say the results are exciting as they suggest plastic waste can be converted into biological material.
“It is a way to just completely hoover up plastic waste,” said Wallace.
The researchers then genetically modified the E coli further, inserting two genes – one from mushrooms and one from soil bacteria – that enabled the bacteria to convert PABA into paracetamol.
The team say that by using this form of E coli they were able to turn the PET-based starting material into paracetamol in under 24 hours, with low emissions and a yield of up to 92%.
While further work would be needed to produce paracetamol in this way at commercial levels, the results could have a practical application.
Yeah because paracetamol, and most other modern drugs, are purely petroleum-based. Thank the Rockefellers for that!
“People don’t realise that paracetamol comes from oil currently,” said Prof Stephen Wallace, the lead author of the research from the University of Edinburgh.
TIL: https://newatlas.com/science/paracetamol-manufacturing-trees/
This sounds like something you'd hear about in Fullmetal Alchemist.
Getting bacterial enzymes that can break down HDPE is tough. I read that the issue is there isn't a good place for the enzyme to "dig in" on the polymer strand.
While many plastics have a really bad reputation for recyclability, isn't HDPE (#2 plastic) one of the few stand outs that recycles very well?
The problem is how much of it never makes it to the recycling stream worldwide. Picking it out of the environment is labor intensive. Bacteria munching it down would be more effective.
If you're at a point where you can feed it to bacteria, you've already separated it from the environment and the waste stream, right? How else are you going to feed it to bacteria?
You know that bacteria exist in the wild normally, right? That is where they've been for 5 billion years.
Wait, are you suggesting releasing bio-engineered bacteria that destroys plastic randomly in the wild? You don't see any practical problems that would cause?
Why would it be random? We are already releasing huge amounts of artificial chemicals into the wild.
Why would it be random?
Perhaps I should have used the word "uncontrolled" instead of random. If you're expecting this bacteria to work against, say, a field with plastic litter in it, its going to be in contact with lots of other things made of plastic that aren't waste. If the bacteria is able to self replicate, and you've released it into the wild, you've effectively killed the use for nearly all plastics as things that are still in use will be decomposed.
We are already releasing huge amounts of artificial chemicals into the wild.
Thats a bizarre argument. That would be like saying: "We have lots of murders in the world, so why not intentionally murder more people?"
That is a terrible analogy. There are already bacteria and fungi out there that show signs of breaking down plastics but at a very slow rate btw. It could function only under very specific conditions, like UV light exposure or sea water. I'd like to know how else you would remove plastics from the wild.
There are already bacteria and fungi out there that show signs of breaking down plastics but at a very slow rate btw. It could function only under very specific conditions, like UV light exposure or sea water.
I wouldn't consider UV light to be specific. Sunlight has huge amounts of UV and sunlight is, well nearly everywhere. Sea water would also be a bad catalyst to choose. Lots of parts of boats and ships that come in contact with sea water (through the bilge or as sea spray) intentionally use plastic as it doesn't rust or corrode in the presence of marine environments. What you're suggesting would remove that protection.
There are already bacteria and fungi out there that show signs of breaking down plastics but at a very slow rate btw.
Sure, but we're not talking about those. You're suggesting releasing a bacteria that is being designed for industrial scale and use of rapid plastic decomposition. You don't see a difference there?
I’d like to know how else you would remove plastics from the wild.
I'm not required to provide a solution just to point out the catastrophic shortcomings of a proposed one.
We often use plastic because bacteria can't break it down.
Bad for livers
That's why it's great for when you know what you're doing, with intent.
Just know that most of the liver damage caused by paracetamol comes from combining it with alcohol, to cure a hangover and such. Every medication is dangerous when used improperly. Never the less it is an important painkiller, especially since the way it works is different to NSAIDs also not fully understood, so it can be combined with NSAIDs to manage pain better.
Sounds like a painless process.
I had no idea it was synthesised from oil! Yet another reason not to take it. My local chemist has a sign that says "Did you know? Paracetamol is available for patients with long-term needs." Big oil and big pharma colluding to cause liver damage on the basis that it's barely an analgesic and doesn't interact with most other drugs.
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