One wants to think that in a study like this, researchers kept that in mind and ensures that those variables were accounted for.
that is such a “step one” that it’d be really stupid if they hadn’t
The neat part about epidemiology is they can't really control for healthy user bias - they can acknowledge it, then model a offset adjustment (assuming some uniform random variable with linear effect usually - so a regression to remove factors requires knowledge of their causal contribution which is "estimated" in the model....)... but yeah, the neat part is they don't - which is why epidemiology can never prove causation.
neat