The device is a DIY LoRa transceiver (868 MHz) in a disposable vape enclosure. It was not designed to be operated by a cat, but the cat does not seem to care about that.
Well, that's a pretty amazing result, especially for that price. Cat must be very proud of you!
And thanks for listing the components, I wasn't aware of the HT-RA62. Prices for LoRa modules have come down a lot since last time I checked!