I studied data mining (now machine learning) and statistics.
I’ve spent my career explicitly NOT plying my knowledge this way. I don’t know how people do it.
I’d say my deep knowledge on how to track people has made me pretty averse to a lot of online things.
You know you can build marketing attribution systems and advertising metrics without violating user privacy.
But advertisers really like the idea of invading privacy and they pay out the nose for it.