There are a few I can understand some of them We have:
azari (آذری) or turki (ترکی)
shomali (شمالی)
Kordi(کردی)
Lori(لری)
Threre are also Afghan people they speak a dialect call pashtoo (پشتو)
Some people speak Arabic here too mostly in Southern parts of the country
There are others too these are the most prevalent ones
Ofcourse the official one is called Farsi (فارسی)
Most people here speak understand this one