There is nothing that indicates that Anthropic's AI is used to analyze data, I'm not saying it's not, just that we don't know. I'm going to quote a smaller section of a quote I made earlier of the same Guardian article:

In late 2024, years after the core system was operational, Palantir added an LLM layer – this is where Claude sits – that lets analysts search and summarise intelligence reports in plain English.

But the term AI is an issue here, there are multiple, of different kind, made by different companies. There is AI used for targeting, no doubt, but it's not Claude, it's Maven and some other subcomponents. The fact that Anthropic joined the project late, after it was already operational, is a good hint that they do not bring a core feature, but that's only speculation.