Partly - many Confederates fled the country for Brazil. However, this wasn't so much predicated on the punishments the US government was willing to hand out so much as a mixture of spite/prejudice and a desire to keep their 'movable property' (read: slaves). Brazil still allowed slavery at that time.

The US never seriously considered mass hangings, forced exile, or land seizures from the elites. Even the most famous (and sadly aborted by that traitor Andrew Johnson) redistribution plan, '40 acres and a mule', was predicated on seizures performed during wartime and as with the justification of a failure to pay taxes. There was no stomach to simply dispossess the mass of post-war Southern elites of their land, neither in the Northern elite nor the Northern farming class. The only punishment that was decisively levied, the elimination of former Confederate involvement from civic life (barred from office and barred from voting), was also lifted by that traitor, Andrew Johnson.

Even the highest ghouls, including Jefferson Davis, the literal president of the CSA, were never convicted for their crimes, much less punished.