Also the more I get into languages like Rust, the more these doubts are increasing and leading me to believe that most of it is just dogma that has gone far beyond its initial motivations and goals and is now just a mindless OOP circlejerk.
There are definitely occasions when these principles do make sense, especially in an OOP environment, and they can also make some design patterns really satisfying and easy.
Congratulations. This is where you wind up, long after learning the basics and start interacting with lots of code in the wild. You are not alone.
Implementing things with pragmatism, when it comes to conventions and design patterns, is how it's really done.