Valve, however, has managed to neatly skirt regulatory efforts by charging players not for directly purchasing loot crates, which can be earned during gameplay, but for the keys required to open them.
Wow, that's fucking scummy
Hall said that even he is frustrated by the "Paradox model" of paid expansion and DLC packs his studio RocketWerkz chose for its survival game Icarus after moving away from a free-to-play scheme.
For Paradox games, it's mostly nickel and diming since they know they're working in a niche market. For Icarus, it's a problem of wanting the game to stay relevant, paying for servers and not knowing when to say "ok, we're done".