the LLM will call up specialized algorithms once it has identified the nature of the question?
Because there is no "it" that "calls" or "identify" even less the "nature of the question".
This requires intelligence, not probability on the most likely next token.
You can do maths with words and you can write poem with numbers, either requires to actually understand, that's the linchpin, rather than parse and provide an answer based on what has been written so far.
Sure the model might string together tokens that sound very "appropriate" to the question, in the sense that it fits within the right vocabulary, and if its dataset the occurrence was just frequent enough it even be correct, but that's still not understanding even 1 single word (or token) within either the question or the corpus.